Acids that react with metals and examples
Acids that react with metals are called "metal-acid reactions." In such reactions, the acid donates hydrogen ions (H+) to the metal, resulting in the formation of metal ions and the release of hydrogen gas (H2). Here are a few examples of acids that react with metals:
1. Hydrochloric acid (HCl): Hydrochloric acid is a strong acid commonly found in labs and stomach acid. It reacts with many metals, such as zinc (Zn), aluminum (Al), and iron (Fe). The general formula for the reaction is: 2HCl + Zn → ZnCl2 + H2.
2. Sulfuric acid (H2SO4): Sulfuric acid is a strong acid widely used in industrial processes. It reacts with metals like magnesium (Mg) and copper (Cu). The general formula for the reaction is: H2SO4 + Mg → MgSO4 + H2.
3. Nitric acid (HNO3): Nitric acid is a strong acid commonly used in the production of fertilizers and explosives. It reacts with metals such as copper (Cu) and silver (Ag). The general formula for the reaction is: 2HNO3 + Cu → Cu(NO3)2 + H2O + NO2.
It's important to note that not all metals react with acids. Noble metals like gold (Au) and platinum (Pt) are generally unreactive with acids. Additionally, the rate and extent of the reactions can vary depending on the concentration and temperature of the acid, as well as the reactivity of the metal.