Which discuss the steps in the process that led to the social and political changes in South Africa?
(Select all that apply.)
The correct answer is :
Leader Haile Selassie modernized African society through the institution of progressive social, economic, and educational reforms.
and also the answer is Archbishop Desmond Tutu promoted the acknowledgement of the rights of black Africans and helped expose human rights abuses.
Answers:
-Archbishop Desmond Tutu promoted the Acknowledgment of the rights of black Africans and helped expose human rights abuses
-Leader Haile Selassie modernized African society through the institution of progressive social, economic, and educational reforms.
To explain the steps in the process that led to the social and political changes in South Africa, we need to look at the history of apartheid and the subsequent struggle for freedom and equality. Here are the key events and actions that played a significant role:
1. Resistance to Apartheid: Apartheid was a system of racial segregation and discrimination enforced by the South African government from 1948 to 1994. Resistance against apartheid began with protests, boycotts, and civil disobedience by individuals and organizations such as the African National Congress (ANC), Pan-Africanist Congress (PAC), and other anti-apartheid groups.
2. Sharpeville Massacre: On March 21, 1960, in the township of Sharpeville, police opened fire on a peaceful protest against apartheid's pass laws. The incident resulted in the deaths of 69 unarmed demonstrators and garnered international attention, leading to increased condemnation of apartheid.
3. International Pressure: The global community started to put pressure on South Africa through economic sanctions, boycotts, and diplomatic isolation. The United Nations, led by the Anti-Apartheid Movement, played a vital role in shining a spotlight on the injustices of the apartheid system and supporting anti-apartheid activists.
4. Imprisonment of Nelson Mandela: Nelson Mandela, leader of the ANC, was arrested in 1962 and sentenced to life in prison for sabotage and conspiracy to overthrow the government. Mandela's imprisonment turned him into a symbol of the anti-apartheid movement and garnered significant international support for the cause.
5. Internal Struggle: Inside South Africa, resistance against apartheid continued to grow. Activists organized strikes, protests, and acts of civil disobedience. The Soweto Uprising of 1976, where students protested against the compulsory use of the Afrikaans language in schools, is an example of the internal resistance that played a key role in mobilizing the population.
6. Negotiations and Reforms: In the late 1980s, the South African government began to reckon with the reality that apartheid was unsustainable. Negotiations between the government and ANC, among other groups, took place. These discussions led to reforms such as the release of Nelson Mandela in 1990 and the dismantling of apartheid laws.
7. Democratic Elections: The negotiations culminated in the country's first multiracial elections in 1994, in which all races could vote. Nelson Mandela, becoming the symbol of hope and reconciliation, was elected as the first black President of South Africa, marking the official end of apartheid.
In summary, the process that led to the social and political changes in South Africa involved resistance against apartheid, international pressure, imprisonment of key leaders, internal struggle, negotiations and reforms, and ultimately democratic elections.