Describe how a mixture of acetanilide and sand can be separated
Acetanilide is soluble in ethanol (alcohol). Sand is not.
To separate a mixture of acetanilide and sand, you can use a process called filtration. Filtration is a technique that separates solid particles from a liquid or gas by passing the mixture through a porous material, such as filter paper or a filter funnel.
Here's a step-by-step procedure to separate acetanilide from sand using filtration:
1. Gather the necessary materials: acetanilide and sand mixture, filter paper, filter funnel, filter flask or container, and a beaker or collection container.
2. Prepare the filtration setup: Set up the filter funnel securely on top of the filter flask or container. Place the appropriate-sized filter paper inside the funnel, ensuring a good fit and airtight seal against the sides.
3. Pour the mixture onto the filter paper: Carefully pour the acetanilide and sand mixture onto the filter paper in the filter funnel. Make sure not to overload the filter paper beyond its capacity.
4. Allow the mixture to filter: The liquid component of the mixture (acetanilide) will pass through the filter paper and collect in the filter flask or container, leaving the solid component (sand) behind on the paper.
5. Collect the filtrate: Once the filtration process is complete, carefully remove the filter funnel from the flask or container. The container now contains the separated acetanilide (filtrate), and the filter paper has the sand residue.
6. Dry the separated components: If needed, you can further separate the acetanilide from the liquid by evaporating the solvent. Leave the filtrate in an open container in a well-ventilated area, allowing the solvent (if applicable) to completely evaporate. The sand can be left to air-dry on the filter paper.
By following these steps, you can effectively separate acetanilide from sand using the process of filtration.