Can someone explain grade 9 biology translation and transcription for me? My teacher doesnt explain it well. I cannot understand it at all. Detailed description please and easy to understand.
Read some of these articles.
https://www.google.com/search?source=hp&ei=Hs0hW976KcPmsAWu-7rYAg&q=biology+translation+and+transcription&oq=biology+translation+and+transcription&gs_l=psy-ab.3..0l3j0i22i30k1l7.4913.4913.0.6328.3.2.0.0.0.0.132.132.0j1.2.0....0...1c.1.64.psy-ab..1.2.263.6..35i39k1.131.URaGZGPJ1ks
umm can you explain it for me
Of course! I'd be happy to help explain translation and transcription in grade 9 biology. Let me break it down for you in a detailed but easy-to-understand way.
First, let's understand what transcription and translation are.
Transcription:
Transcription is the process in which genetic information (DNA) is copied into a molecule called RNA. It occurs inside the nucleus of a cell. The main purpose of transcription is to convert the genetic code into a format that can be easily transported outside the nucleus for further processing.
Here's a step-by-step breakdown of transcription:
1. Initiation: It all starts when an enzyme called RNA polymerase binds to a specific region on the DNA called the promoter. The DNA double helix unwinds, and the two strands separate.
2. Elongation: The RNA polymerase moves along the DNA strand, reading the exposed nucleotides and building a complementary RNA molecule. It reads the DNA sequence and creates a single-stranded RNA molecule.
3. Termination: Eventually, the RNA polymerase reaches a specific sequence of DNA called the termination signal. This signal indicates the end of the gene, and the RNA polymerase detaches from the DNA. The newly formed RNA molecule is now ready for further processing.
Translation:
Translation is the process where the genetic information carried by RNA is used to build proteins. It occurs in the ribosomes, which are cellular structures outside the nucleus. Proteins are the building blocks of our bodies and play crucial roles in various biological processes.
Here's a step-by-step breakdown of translation:
1. Initiation: The first step of translation begins when the ribosome attaches to a specific region on the RNA molecule, called the start codon. The start codon is usually AUG.
2. Elongation: The ribosome moves along the RNA strand, reading the codons (three-letter sequences) and bringing in the corresponding amino acids. Each codon codes for a specific amino acid. The ribosome builds a chain of amino acids called a polypeptide.
3. Termination: Eventually, the ribosome reaches a stop codon (UAA, UAG, or UGA) on the RNA molecule, which signals the end of protein synthesis. The ribosome releases the newly formed protein, and the translation process is complete.
To summarize, transcription is the process of copying DNA into RNA, which happens inside the nucleus. Translation, on the other hand, is where the RNA is used to build proteins, and it occurs in the ribosomes outside the nucleus.
Remember, practice and reviewing examples are excellent ways to reinforce your understanding of transcription and translation. Hope this explanation helps you grasp the concepts better! Let me know if you have any further questions.