A 10 ml of 98% sulfuric acid was diluted to 200 ml water. What volume of water will be added to 5 ml of 40% sodium hydroxide to netralize the diluted sulphuric acid?
The question makes no sense. You dont add water to neutralize diluted acid.
To solve this problem, we can use the concept of molar concentration and the equation of neutralization.
Step 1: Calculate the amount of sulfuric acid in the solution.
Since we know the initial volume and concentration of the sulfuric acid, we can calculate the amount of sulfuric acid using the formula:
Amount of acid (in moles) = Volume of acid (in liters) × Concentration of acid (in moles/liter)
The initial volume of sulfuric acid is 10 ml, which is equivalent to 0.01 liters, and the concentration is 98%. Therefore, the amount of sulfuric acid is:
Amount of acid = 0.01 liters × 0.98 mol/liter
Step 2: Determine the number of moles of sodium hydroxide needed for neutralization.
The neutralization equation for sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide is:
H2SO4 + 2NaOH → Na2SO4 + 2H2O
From the equation, we can see that one mole of sulfuric acid reacts with two moles of sodium hydroxide. Therefore, the number of moles of sodium hydroxide needed for neutralization is twice the number of moles of sulfuric acid:
Moles of NaOH = 2 × Moles of H2SO4
Step 3: Calculate the volume of water needed for neutralization.
Since we know the concentration and volume of the sodium hydroxide, we can calculate the moles of sodium hydroxide using:
Moles of NaOH = Concentration of NaOH (in moles/liter) × Volume of NaOH (in liters)
The volume of sodium hydroxide is given as 5 ml, which is equivalent to 0.005 liters, and the concentration is 40% or 0.4 moles/liter. Therefore, the moles of sodium hydroxide are:
Moles of NaOH = 0.4 mol/liter × 0.005 liters
Step 4: Find the volume of water needed to neutralize the sulfuric acid.
Now that we have the moles of sodium hydroxide and the moles of sulfuric acid, we can calculate the volume of water using the equation:
Volume of water (in liters) = Moles of NaOH / Concentration of NaOH (in moles/liter)
Substituting the known values, we get:
Volume of water = (Moles of NaOH / 0.4 mol/liter)
Step 5: Convert the volume of water to milliliters if needed.
Since the initial volume of sulfuric acid was given in milliliters, we need to convert the volume of water from liters to milliliters if necessary. Simply multiply the volume of water by 1000 to convert it:
Volume of water (in milliliters) = Volume of water (in liters) × 1000
By following these steps, you should be able to calculate the volume of water needed to neutralize the diluted sulfuric acid.