1. Lunchtime for first-year students is at 12:30.

2. The lunchtime for first-year students is at 12:30.
3. Lunchtime for first-year students is 12:30.
4. The lunchtime for first-year students is 12:30.
5. Lunch time for first-year students starts 12:30.
6. Lunchtime for first-year students is from 12:30.
7. Lunchtime for first-year students begins at 12:30.
8. Lunchtime for first-year students is from 12:30 to 1:30.
9. Lunchtime for first-year students is from 12:30 till/until 1:30.
[Which expressions are right? Do we have to use 'the' or not?]

No, "the" is not necessary. It's not wrong, just unnecessary. All the ways of phrasing the statement are acceptable, except for "the". :) And I prefer "until" instead of "till".