what behavior do all salts exhibit, when dissolved in water?
They dissolve in water , although there are some exceptions.....
Indicators: Are indicators consumed in reactions. Example.
Yes they are consumed because when Phenophalien is added it changes the color of certain solutions to pink?
How are pH and pOH of conjugates related?
The stronger they are on one scale the weaker they are on the other. This goes the other way as well?
generally, indicators are not consumed, they may undergo a reaction, but they are still there. Molecular Basis for the Indicator Color Change:
Color changes in molecules can be caused by changes in electron confinement. More confinement makes the light absorbed more blue, and less makes it more red.
How are electrons confined in phenolphthalein? There are three benzene rings in the molecule. Every atom involved in a double bond has a p orbital which can overlap side-to-side with similar atoms next to it. The overlap creates a 'pi bond' which allows the electrons in the p orbital to be found on either bonded atom. These electrons can spread like a cloud over any region of the molecule that is flat and has alternating double and single bonds. Each of the benzene rings is such a system.