In the following reaction, first find how many oxygen molecules would be used to completely react with 230 grams of pentyl alcohol (C5H11OH)? Then, if exactly 1.505x10^21 carbon dioxide molecules were formed in this reaction, calculate the grams of water formed during this reaction. C5H11OH+O2 ---->CO2+H2O
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To solve this problem, we'll start by calculating the number of moles of pentyl alcohol (C5H11OH) and then use the balanced equation to determine the number of oxygen (O2) molecules required.
Step 1: Calculate the number of moles of pentyl alcohol (C5H11OH)
To find the number of moles, we'll use the formula:
moles = mass / molar mass
The molar mass of pentyl alcohol (C5H11OH) is the sum of the atomic masses of its constituent atoms.
Molar mass of C5H11OH:
(5 x atomic mass of C) + (11 x atomic mass of H) + (1 x atomic mass of O)
Atomic masses:
C = 12.01 g/mol
H = 1.01 g/mol
O = 16.00 g/mol
Molar mass of C5H11OH = (5 x 12.01) + (11 x 1.01) + (1 x 16.00) g/mol
Step 2: Calculate the number of moles of oxygen (O2)
Based on the balanced equation, the stoichiometric ratio between pentyl alcohol (C5H11OH) and oxygen (O2) is 1:1. This means equal moles of both reactants are required for a complete reaction.
Therefore, moles of O2 = moles of C5H11OH
Step 3: Calculate the number of oxygen molecules
To convert moles to the number of molecules, we'll make use of Avogadro's number, which states that 1 mole of any substance contains 6.022 x 10^23 molecules.
Number of molecules = moles x Avogadro's number
Step 4: Calculate the number of grams of water formed
To determine the mass of water (H2O) formed, we'll use the stoichiometry of the balanced equation. According to the balanced equation, the stoichiometric ratio between carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) is 1:1.
This means that the number of CO2 molecules formed can be directly used to find the number of water molecules formed.
Step 5: Convert the number of water molecules to grams
Using Avogadro's number, we'll convert the number of water molecules to moles:
moles of water = number of water molecules / Avogadro's number
Finally, we can convert moles of water to grams using the formula:
mass = moles x molar mass
Now, let's plug in the given values and perform the calculations.