Ann, a 66.2 kg person throws a 0.0461 kg snowball forward with a ground speed of 39.2 m/s. Billy, with a mass of 54.8 kg, catches the snowball. Both people are on skates (Disregard friction between the skates and the ice. ). Ann is initially moving forward with a speed of 2.02 m/s, and Billy is initially at rest. After the snowball is exchanged (a) What is the momentum of Ann and the snowball before she makes the throw?
To determine the momentum of Ann and the snowball before she makes the throw, we need to calculate the individual momenta and then add them together.
The momentum of an object can be calculated using the formula:
Momentum = Mass x Velocity
First, let's calculate the momentum of Ann before she makes the throw. We're given her mass and initial velocity:
Mass of Ann = 66.2 kg
Initial velocity of Ann = 2.02 m/s
Momentum of Ann before the throw = Mass of Ann x Initial velocity of Ann
Momentum of Ann = 66.2 kg x 2.02 m/s
Next, let's calculate the momentum of the snowball before the throw. We're given the mass and ground speed of the snowball:
Mass of the snowball = 0.0461 kg
Ground speed of the snowball = 39.2 m/s
Momentum of the snowball = Mass of the snowball x Ground speed of the snowball
Momentum of the snowball = 0.0461 kg x 39.2 m/s
Finally, to find the total momentum before the throw, we add the momenta of Ann and the snowball together:
Total momentum before the throw = Momentum of Ann + Momentum of the snowball
Substituting the values, the total momentum before the throw is the sum of both momenta.
Momentum of Ann = 66.2 kg x 2.02 m/s = 133.124 kg·m/s
Momentum of the snowball = 0.0461 kg x 39.2 m/s = 1.80692 kg·m/s
Total momentum before the throw = 133.124 kg·m/s + 1.80692 kg·m/s
So, the momentum of Ann and the snowball before she makes the throw is approximately 134.93092 kg·m/s.