Procedure:
1) Accurately weigh approximately 0.40 g of Dimethyl maleate into a 50 mL round bottom flask that possesses a ground glass joint, and record the weight.
2) Dissolve the Dimethyl maleate in 10 mL of methanol, and add approximately 5 drops of 10% solution (w/v) of zinc chloride in methenol, followed by approximately 1mL of 5% (w/v) morpholine in methanol, and a small magnetic stirbar.
3) Attatch a water cooled condensor flask and heat the solution at reflux in silicone oil bath for at least 30 mins. the reaction should involve 30 mins of refluxing,not just 30 mins of heating. a setting of about "4" on the hot plate should be sufficent to get the methanol to boil (65 degrees C).
4) Allow the solution to cool at room temperature, then add it to 75 mL of water which has been placed in a separatory funnel. Extract the solution with 50 mL of diethyl ether, and after draining off the aqueus layer, wash the ether layer with another 50 mL portion of water.
5) Pour the remaining ether solution into a 50 mL beaker and allow the solvent to evaporate.
Instructions: Provide the chemical reaction being demonstrated in the experiment. it should include the starting materials, reagents, and products.
The chemical reaction that is being demonstrated in the provided procedure is the esterification reaction between Dimethyl maleate and morpholine. Below is the balanced chemical equation for this reaction:
Dimethyl maleate + Morpholine → Dimethyl morpholine-2,3-dicarboxylate
In this reaction, Dimethyl maleate (C6H8O4) reacts with morpholine (C4H9NO) to produce Dimethyl morpholine-2,3-dicarboxylate as the product.