1. What is the major component of blood plasma?
a. Nutrients
b. Ions
c. Water
d. Gases
2. How many layers of phospholipids does the cell membrane contain?
a. 1
b. 2
c. 4
d. 3
3. Which substance stores polysaccharides in plants?
a. Sucrose
b. Glycogen
c. Glucose
d. Cellulose
4. An important concept in DNA and RNA structure is complementary base pairing. Which tow bases are incorrectly paired?
a. T-U
b. A-T
c. C-G
d. A-U
5. If the zygomatic arch was broken, where is this fracture located?
a. Wrist
b. Shoulder
c. Knee
d. Face
I will be happy to critique your thinking on this.
1. The major component of blood plasma is a combination of several substances, including nutrients, ions, water, and gases. To find the correct answer to this question, we need to determine which of the given options is the main component of blood plasma. Blood plasma is a yellowish fluid that makes up about 55% of total blood volume and plays a crucial role in transporting nutrients, hormones, and waste products throughout the body. To answer this question, we can eliminate options based on their relevance to blood plasma.
a. Nutrients: While nutrients are present in blood plasma, they are not the major component.
b. Ions: Ions, such as sodium, potassium, and chloride, are also present in blood plasma. They contribute to maintaining the ionic balance of the body but are not the major component.
c. Water: Water is the largest component of blood plasma, making up about 90-92% of its volume. It serves as a solvent and helps transport other components.
d. Gases: Gases, especially oxygen and carbon dioxide, are dissolved in blood plasma. However, they are not the major component.
Therefore, the correct answer is c. Water.
2. The cell membrane, also known as the plasma membrane, is composed of a phospholipid bilayer. It consists of two layers of phospholipid molecules arranged in a specific way to form a barrier around the cell. To determine how many layers of phospholipids the cell membrane contains, we can refer to the various options.
a. 1: This option suggests that the cell membrane is composed of a single layer of phospholipids. However, this is incorrect.
b. 2: This option suggests that the cell membrane consists of two layers of phospholipids, which is indeed the case.
c. 4: This option suggests that the cell membrane has four layers of phospholipids, which is incorrect.
d. 3: This option suggests that the cell membrane has three layers of phospholipids, which is incorrect.
Therefore, the correct answer is b. 2.
3. The substance that stores polysaccharides in plants is cellulose. To select the correct answer from the given options, we can examine the properties of each substance and identify which one aligns with the description.
a. Sucrose: Sucrose is a disaccharide made up of glucose and fructose. It is not involved in storing polysaccharides in plants.
b. Glycogen: Glycogen is the primary storage form of glucose in animals, not plants.
c. Glucose: Glucose is a monosaccharide and a building block of various carbohydrates. It can be used as an energy source but is not primarily responsible for storing polysaccharides in plants.
d. Cellulose: Cellulose is a polysaccharide composed of glucose molecules. It is a major component of the plant cell wall and is responsible for providing structural support. This makes it the correct answer.
Therefore, the correct answer is d. Cellulose.
4. Complementary base pairing is a fundamental concept in DNA and RNA structure, where specific nucleotides pair with each other. To find the incorrectly paired bases, we need to assess the given options.
a. T-U: Thymine (T) and uracil (U) are nitrogenous bases found in nucleic acids. In DNA, thymine pairs with adenine (A), while in RNA, uracil pairs with adenine. This base pairing is correct.
b. A-T: Adenine (A) and thymine (T) form a complementary base pair in DNA. This base pairing is correct.
c. C-G: Cytosine (C) and guanine (G) form a complementary base pair in both DNA and RNA. This base pairing is correct.
d. A-U: Adenine (A) and uracil (U) form a complementary base pair in RNA. This base pairing is correct and not incorrectly paired.
Therefore, none of the given bases are incorrectly paired, making the answer none of the options (d).
5. If the zygomatic arch was broken, the fracture would be located in the face. The zygomatic arch, also known as the cheekbone, is a bony structure located on each side of the face, connecting the temporal bone to the maxilla (upper jaw) and zygomatic bone (cheekbone). To select the correct answer, we need to identify which option corresponds to a facial location.
a. Wrist: The wrist is not related to the zygomatic arch.
b. Shoulder: The shoulder is not related to the zygomatic arch.
c. Knee: The knee is not related to the zygomatic arch.
d. Face: The face encompasses the zygomatic arch, making this the correct answer.
Therefore, the correct answer is d. Face.