Regarding the use of anesthetics during childbirth, which of the following statements is true?
A. they are rarely used these days
B. the epidural procedure is most often favored.
C. anesthetics is current use can't cross the placenta barrier to affect the fetus.
D a pudendal block numbs the genital area.
i believe the right answer is A.
Regarding babies who are low in birth weight but born at full term, which of the following statements is true?
A. expect to find lanugo
B. expect to detect vernix
C. expect to find that the mother's parents were smokers.
D. expect the child to be referred to as ''small for dates''
i believe the true answer is D.
These are interesting question for psychology, but none the less, I will attempt to answer the questions...
The first question regarding anesthetics during childbirth:
There are several anesthetics that can be used during childbirth, including IV pain medications, pudendal block which just blocks the perineal area (or genital area), all the way to general anesthesia. I believe that epidurals are the most favored of all (upwards to 80-90% of l deliveries). Although I don't know the rates of epidurals versus spinal blocks or general anesthesia needed for C sections. Most anesthetics do cross the placental border although at different amounts. With all this in mind, A and C are definitely not true. D is definitely true. B sounds right to me.
As far as the second question:
Lanugo is the fine hair that is found on newborn babies at birth (especially if premature). Vernix is the cheesy coating found on newborn babies to protect their skin from the watery fluid they stay in while in the uterus. Both of these decrease as the infant comes to term, so they may be present at very little amounts in a full term newborn. Not all small infants have smoking parents, but smoking is a significant cause of fetal growth retardation. These infants are considered "small for gestational age" or "small for dates". So, the best answer to this question is D.
Thanks, Doctor Sarah. WE have a nasty word filter, so to make it clear, the blanked out word is vag in al.
To determine the correct answer to each question, we can analyze and eliminate the options based on the information provided.
Regarding the use of anesthetics during childbirth:
A. The statement that anesthetics are rarely used these days is not necessarily true. While some women may opt for natural childbirth, others may choose to use anesthesia such as epidurals or other forms of pain relief.
B. The statement that the epidural procedure is most often favored is true. Epidurals are commonly used during childbirth to provide pain relief. Therefore, option B is likely the correct answer.
C. The statement that anesthetics in current use can't cross the placenta barrier to affect the fetus is incorrect. Some anesthetics used during childbirth can cross the placenta and potentially affect the fetus to some extent.
D. The statement that a pudendal block numbs the genital area is true. A pudendal block is a type of regional anesthesia used during childbirth to numb the lower part of the birth canal and the genital area.
Based on the analysis, option B is the most accurate answer to the first question.
Regarding low birth weight babies born at full term:
A. The presence of lanugo, fine hair on a newborn's body, is more commonly associated with premature babies rather than those born at full term. Therefore, this statement is not true.
B. The presence of vernix, a white, waxy substance that covers a newborn's skin, is commonly found on both premature and full-term babies. Therefore, this statement is true.
C. The statement that low birth weight babies are more likely to have mothers whose parents were smokers is not directly related to low birth weight. Smoking during pregnancy can contribute to various complications, but it is not the sole determinant of low birth weight. Therefore, this statement is not necessarily true.
D. The term "small for dates" refers to babies who are smaller in size compared to their gestational age and is often used to describe babies with low birth weight born at full term. Therefore, this statement is true.
Based on the analysis, option D is the most accurate answer to the second question.
Therefore, the correct answers are:
1. B - the epidural procedure is most often favored.
2. D - expect the child to be referred to as "small for dates."