calcium hydroxide reacts in a neutralization reaction with sulfuric acid in a 1:1 ratio to form water and calcium sulfate. if you have 23.5 grams of calcium hydroxide, how many milliliters of water can you form?
how do i use dimensional analysis to solve this?
Ca(OH)2 + H2SO4 -> 2 H2O + CaSO4
The molar mass of Ca(OH)2 is 40 + 2*17 = 74 g/mole. So you consume 3.15 moles of Ca(OH)2 and form twice as many moles of H2O. Use the ideal gas law to convert that to VAPOR volume.
I don't see how dimensional analysis helps with this, except to keep track of dimensions.
You need to use dimensional analysis only when the two materials react in other than a 1:1 ratio.
To solve this problem using dimensional analysis, you can follow these steps:
Step 1: Write down what you know:
- Given mass of calcium hydroxide = 23.5 grams
Step 2: Determine the molar mass:
- The molar mass of calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) can be calculated as follows:
Molar mass of Ca(OH)2 = (1 * atomic mass of Ca) + (2 * atomic mass of O) + (2 * atomic mass of H)
You can find the atomic masses of the elements from the periodic table.
Step 3: Convert the mass of calcium hydroxide to moles:
- Divide the given mass of calcium hydroxide by its molar mass to convert grams to moles:
Moles of Ca(OH)2 = Given mass of Ca(OH)2 / Molar mass of Ca(OH)2
Step 4: Determine the ratio of water to calcium hydroxide in the reaction:
- From the given neutralization reaction, the ratio of calcium hydroxide to water is 1:1. This means that for every 1 mole of calcium hydroxide, you will form 1 mole of water.
Step 5: Calculate the number of moles of water:
- Since the ratio is 1:1, the moles of water formed will be the same as the moles of calcium hydroxide.
Step 6: Convert moles of water to volume:
- You need to know the density of water to convert moles to volume. Density is defined as mass per unit volume.
- The density of water is approximately 1 gram per milliliter (g/mL), so 1 mole of water (18 grams) is equivalent to 18 mL.
Step 7: Calculate the volume of water in milliliters:
- Multiply the moles of water by the conversion factor of 18 mL per 1 mole of water to get the volume of water in milliliters.
Therefore, to determine how many milliliters of water can be formed from 23.5 grams of calcium hydroxide, follow the steps above using dimensional analysis.