Both sickle -cell anemia and hemophilia
A.are cause by genes coded for defective protein.
B.are seen in homozygous dominant individuals
C.are diseases of the gastrointestinal system
D.none of the above
https://www.sharecare.com/health/hemophilia/what-causes-hemophilia
http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/sickle-cell-anemia/home/ovc-20303267?mc_id=google&campaign=278380961&geo=9016983&kw=anemia&ad=87031487681&network=s&sitetarget=&adgroup=20782353521&extension=&target=kwd-25626221&matchtype=p&device=c&account=1733789621&placementsite=enterprise&gclid=EAIaIQobChMIj_7-_LzD1QIVBgdpCh0mKQSAEAAYASAAEgIaC_D_BwE
The correct answer is:
D. None of the above
Both sickle-cell anemia and hemophilia are genetic disorders, but they are caused by different genetic mutations and have different effects on the body.
Sickle-cell anemia is caused by a mutation in the gene that codes for hemoglobin, the protein responsible for carrying oxygen in red blood cells. The mutation results in the production of abnormal hemoglobin, causing the red blood cells to become misshapen, rigid, and prone to clumping. This can lead to various complications, including anemia, pain, organ damage, and increased susceptibility to infections.
Hemophilia, on the other hand, is caused by mutations in genes that code for proteins involved in blood clotting. These mutations result in deficiencies or malfunctions of clotting factors, which are essential for normal blood clotting. As a result, individuals with hemophilia have prolonged bleeding and may experience spontaneous bleeding or excessive bleeding after injury or surgery.
Neither sickle-cell anemia nor hemophilia is seen in individuals who are homozygous dominant. In sickle-cell anemia, the mutation is caused by a recessive gene, meaning that an individual needs to inherit two copies of the mutated gene (one from each parent) to have the disorder. Hemophilia has various inheritance patterns, but most commonly it is passed down through the X chromosome, so it primarily affects males. Females can be carriers of the condition if they inherit a single copy of the mutated gene.
Lastly, sickle-cell anemia and hemophilia are not diseases of the gastrointestinal system. Sickle-cell anemia primarily affects the blood and organs, while hemophilia affects blood clotting.
Therefore, the correct answer is D. None of the above.