what is the separation of powers between the legislative and the executive branch regarding the budget.

The separation of powers between the legislative and executive branches regarding the budget is an important aspect of democratic governance. In most democratic countries, this separation is designed to prevent concentration of power and ensure checks and balances.

To understand this separation, it is important to understand the roles of both branches in the budget process:

1. Legislative Branch: The legislative branch, also known as the parliament or congress, is responsible for making laws, including budget laws. In this context, it is typically responsible for developing, deliberating, and passing the budget. The legislative branch represents the people and decides how public money should be allocated and spent.

2. Executive Branch: The executive branch, led by the government or the president, is responsible for implementing and executing laws passed by the legislative branch, including the budget. The executive branch manages the day-to-day operations of the government, oversees the implementation of programs, and is involved in the budget execution.

Now, let's delve into the separation of powers specifically regarding the budget:

1. Budget Proposal: The executive branch, typically through the government or president, initiates the budget process by submitting a budget proposal to the legislative branch. This proposal outlines the government's priorities, revenue projections, and proposed spending for various programs and activities.

2. Legislative Scrutiny: Once the budget proposal is submitted, the legislative branch scrutinizes and examines it in detail. This involves discussions, debates, and committee reviews to ensure transparency, accountability, and alignment with national priorities. The legislative branch has the power to modify the proposed budget, reallocate funds, and make additions or subtractions.

3. Budget Approval: The final step in the budget process is the legislative branch's adoption and approval of the budget. This may involve multiple readings, voting, and negotiation between various political parties or factions. The budget must receive the necessary majority or consensus within the legislative body to become law.

4. Budget Execution: Once the budget is approved by the legislative branch, the executive branch is responsible for implementing and executing the budget. This includes disbursing funds, managing government programs, and ensuring the effective and efficient use of public money. The executive branch must adhere to the budgetary limits and priorities set by the legislative branch.

In summary, the legislative branch holds the power to review, modify, and approve the budget proposed by the executive branch. This separation of powers ensures that decisions regarding public spending are subject to democratic deliberation, oversight, and accountability.

The exec branch proposes budgets, but only the legislative branch can pass laws, including the budget.

http://www.law.cornell.edu/constitution/overview
See especially I.8 and I.9