1. What are the languages (which are) spoken in Canada?
2. Look at the boy who (is running) in the playground.
3. Did you see the basket (which is) full of apples?
4. I met the boy (who is) out of the classroom.
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Can we delete the expressions in the parentheses without changing the meanings of the sentences?
Yes, you can.
1. In the first sentence, the expressions in parentheses specify additional information about the languages that are spoken in Canada. Removing them would not change the basic meaning of the sentence. Without the expressions in parentheses, the sentence would still convey the same information: "What are the languages spoken in Canada?" However, the expressions in parentheses provide more context or clarification.
2. In the second sentence, the expression in parentheses, "is running," provides more specificity about the boy's current action in the playground. Removing it would change the meaning of the sentence or make it less clear. Without the expression in parentheses, the sentence would be "Look at the boy in the playground." This would still be a grammatically correct sentence, but it doesn't convey the same information as the original sentence.
3. In the third sentence, the expression in parentheses, "which is," introduces a relative clause that specifies additional information about the basket of apples. Removing it would change the meaning of the sentence or make it less clear. Without the expression in parentheses, the sentence would be "Did you see the basket full of apples?" This changes the meaning slightly, as it now lacks the specified information about the fullness of the basket.
4. In the fourth sentence, the expression in parentheses, "who is," introduces a relative clause that provides additional information about the boy's location. Removing it would change the meaning of the sentence or make it less clear. Without the expression in parentheses, the sentence would be "I met the boy out of the classroom." This would still be a grammatically correct sentence, but it doesn't convey the same information as the original sentence.