Hybridisation of C in [ CH triplebond C sinlebond CH doublebond CH2 ]
To determine the hybridization of carbon atoms in a molecule, follow these steps:
Step 1: Draw the Lewis structure of the molecule.
In the given molecule, [ CH triplebond C singlebond CH doublebond CH2 ], there are two carbon (C) atoms. To draw the Lewis structure, we need to know the number of valence electrons for each atom. Carbon has 4 valence electrons.
Step 2: Calculate the total number of valence electrons in the molecule.
To calculate the total number of valence electrons, add up the number of valence electrons from each atom in the molecule. In this case, we have:
C: 1(1) + 1(1) + 4(1) + 4(1) + 1(1) + 4(1) + 1(1) + 1(1) + 2(1) = 22 valence electrons
Step 3: Determine the connectivity and bonding in the molecule.
Based on the given structure, we have three main components:
- The central carbon atom (C) with a triple bond to another carbon atom (C).
- The central carbon atom (C) with a single bond to a hydrogen (H) atom.
- The central carbon atom (C) with a double bond to a group with two hydrogens (H) (CH2).
Step 4: Determine the hybridization of each carbon atom.
Hybridization refers to the mixing of atomic orbitals to form new hybrid orbitals. The number and types of hybrid orbitals determine the shape and bonding properties of atoms. The hybridization of each carbon atom in the molecule can be determined based on their bonding and connectivity.
The central carbon atom (C) with a triple bond to another carbon atom (C) undergoes sp hybridization since it forms three sigma bonds and one pi bond with other atoms.
The central carbon atom (C) with a single bond to a hydrogen (H) atom and a double bond to a group with two hydrogens (H) (CH2) undergoes sp2 hybridization. The carbon atom forms one sigma bond with hydrogen and one sigma bond with carbon, while the double bond involves a sigma bond and a pi bond.
Therefore, the hybridization of the carbon atoms in [ CH triplebond C singlebond CH doublebond CH2 ] is:
- The central carbon atom (C) with a triple bond to another carbon atom (C) undergoes sp hybridization.
- The central carbon atom (C) with a single bond to a hydrogen (H) atom and a double bond to a group with two hydrogens (H) (CH2) undergoes sp2 hybridization.