1. He narrowly escaped being drowned.

1-1. He narrowly escaped from being drowned.

1-2. He escaped from the thief.

1-3. He tried to escaped from the angry lion.

1-3. He could not escape from his father.

2. He dropped the ball-point pen from the table.

2-1. He dropped the ball-point pen off the table.
(Are both OK? Which one do we have to use, 'from' or 'off'?)

2-2. He dropped on the floor and rolled himself to extinguish fire on his clothes.

2-3. He dropped himself on the floor and crept toward the door.

2-4. You must not drop the bowl from the table while you eat a meal.

2-5. He dropped the spoon off the table by mistake.

3. He is riding an elephant.

3-1. He is riding on an elephant.
(Are both OK?)

3-2. Would you like to ride a roller coaster?

3-3. Riding a motorcycle is dangerous.

3-4. He enjoys riding a motorbike on the street.

3-5. He rode his bike on his way to school.

(Would you check all the sentences above? Are they all grammatical?)

I believe all but three are grammatically OK.

In <<1-1. He narrowly escaped from being drowned. >> , the word "from" is not needed. If you leave it in, people will know what you mean, but it shows lack of fluency with the language.

In <<2-3. He dropped himself on the floor and crept toward the door.>>, the word "himself" is not needed. " to drop oneself" may seem to make sense as a reflexive verb, but it just isn't done that way. The best way to say it is:
"He dropped to the floor and crept toward the door."

(In <<2-2. He dropped on the floor and rolled himself to extinguish fire on his clothes. >>

"Rolling oneself" is not grammatical, because it descriobes a situation of one person actively rolling another object or person by pushing it around. Also, "dropped to" is better than "dropped on". A better sentence would be "He dropped to the floor and rolled around to extinguish the flames."

DrWLS is correct.

how do you paraphrase

1. He narrowly escaped being drowned.

- This sentence is grammatically correct. "Being drowned" acts as the object of the verb "escaped," indicating that he narrowly avoided the situation of being drowned.

1-1. He narrowly escaped from being drowned.
- This sentence is also grammatically correct. The preposition "from" is used to indicate the source or starting point of the action, emphasizing that he narrowly escaped from the situation of being drowned.

1-2. He escaped from the thief.
- This sentence is grammatically correct. It indicates that he successfully got away from the thief.

1-3. He tried to escape from the angry lion.
- This sentence is grammatically correct. It states that he attempted to flee from the angry lion.

1-4. He could not escape from his father.
- This sentence is grammatically correct. It expresses that he was unable to get away from his father, implying a figurative sense of being unable to avoid his control or influence.

2. He dropped the ball-point pen from the table.
- This sentence is grammatically correct. It describes how he accidentally let the ball-point pen fall down from the table.

2-1. He dropped the ball-point pen off the table.
- This sentence is also grammatically correct. The preposition "off" indicates movement away from the surface of the table, suggesting that he unintentionally caused the pen to fall off while being on top of the table.

2-2. He dropped on the floor and rolled himself to extinguish the fire on his clothes.
- This sentence is grammatically incorrect. It is missing a subject before the phrase "dropped on the floor." It would be more correct to say, "He dropped himself on the floor and rolled..."

2-3. He dropped himself on the floor and crept toward the door.
- This sentence is grammatically correct. It explains that he deliberately placed himself on the floor and proceeded to move slowly toward the door.

2-4. You must not drop the bowl from the table while you eat a meal.
- This sentence is grammatically correct. It advises caution, stating that it is important not to accidentally let the bowl fall from the table while eating.

2-5. He dropped the spoon off the table by mistake.
- This sentence is grammatically correct. It highlights that he unintentionally let the spoon fall off the table.

3. He is riding an elephant.
- This sentence is grammatically correct. It conveys the information that he is currently seated on top of an elephant, traveling by riding it.

3-1. He is riding on an elephant.
- This sentence is also grammatically correct. The use of the preposition "on" indicates the position of being on top of the elephant, reinforcing that he is riding on it.

3-2. Would you like to ride a roller coaster?
- This sentence is grammatically correct. It poses a question, asking if the person would be interested in experiencing a ride on a roller coaster.

3-3. Riding a motorcycle is dangerous.
- This sentence is grammatically correct. It states a general fact, emphasizing that the act of riding a motorcycle is considered to be risky.

3-4. He enjoys riding a motorbike on the street.
- This sentence is grammatically correct. It expresses his enjoyment of riding a motorbike specifically on the street.

3-5. He rode his bike on his way to school.
- This sentence is grammatically correct. It informs that during his journey to school, he used his bike as a means of transportation.