when water boils, there is bubbles that rise to the surface of the water. What is inside these bubbles? air

the initial bubbles is dissoved oxygen and nitrogen, but after that is gone, the bubbles are water vapor (steam).

When water boils, the bubbles that rise to the surface are indeed filled with air. However, it's important to note that these bubbles are not just ordinary air.

The air inside the bubbles consists of various gases present in the atmosphere, predominantly nitrogen and oxygen. When water is heated, the energy causes the water molecules to move faster and eventually turn into vapor or steam. As the water vapor rises to the surface and escapes into the air, the surrounding pressure decreases, which allows the dissolved gases in the water, such as nitrogen and oxygen, to come out of solution forming bubbles.

These gases, along with some water vapor, form the composition of the bubbles that you see in boiling water. The bubbles will continue to rise until they reach the water's surface and burst, releasing the air and steam into the atmosphere.