a domestic cleaner contains concentrated hydrochloric acid as the active ingredient.

a titration experiment was carried out to determine the concentration of hydrochloric acid in the domestic cleanser.
20.0mL of the cleanser were diluted to 250.0mL with distilled water.
25.0mL of the diluted cleanser were than titrated against 0.5mol L-1 sodium hydroxide solution.
15.00mL of sodium hydroxide solution were required for complete neutralization.

Q1.) Calculate the molarity of hydrochloric acid in the cleanser.

Q2.) Calculate the concentration, in g dm⁻³, of hydrochloric acid in the cleanser.

thx.

For the diluted acid,

C1,V1=diluted acid
C2,V2=sodium hydroxide

NaOH+HCl=NaCl+H2O

Use CiV1=C2V2
C1*25.0 mL=0.5M * 15.00 mL

C1=0.5M*15.00/25.0= 0.3 M

Concentration of original hydrochloric acid
= 0.3 M * (250.0/25.0)
= 3 M

(note only one significant figure is retained as a result of the precision of NaOH being 0.5 M.)

For Q2, use the molar mass of HCl multiplied by the molarity to get concentration in g/L=g/dm³ (approx.)

To calculate the molarity of hydrochloric acid in the cleanser, we need to use the principles of titration.

Q1.) Calculate the molarity of hydrochloric acid in the cleanser:

Step 1: Calculate the moles of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) used in the titration.
We know that the volume of NaOH used is 15.00 mL and the molarity of NaOH is 0.5 mol L-1.
Therefore, we can calculate the moles of NaOH as follows:
moles of NaOH = volume (L) x molarity
= (15.00 mL / 1000) L x 0.5 mol L-1
= 0.0075 mol

Step 2: Determine the stoichiometry of the reaction.
In the chemical equation between hydrochloric acid (HCl) and sodium hydroxide, they react in a 1:1 ratio.
So the moles of hydrochloric acid used in the titration are also 0.0075 mol.

Step 3: Calculate the total volume of the diluted cleanser used in the titration.
We diluted 20.0 mL of the cleanser to 250.0 mL with distilled water.
Therefore, the total volume of the diluted cleanser used in the titration is 250.0 mL.

Step 4: Calculate the molarity of hydrochloric acid in the cleanser.
Since the moles of hydrochloric acid used in the titration is the same as the moles of hydrochloric acid in the cleanser, we can use the formula for molarity:
Molarity (M) = moles / volume (L)
= 0.0075 mol / (250.0 mL / 1000)
= 0.030 mol L-1

So, the molarity of hydrochloric acid in the cleanser is 0.030 mol L-1.

Q2.) Calculate the concentration, in g dm⁻³, of hydrochloric acid in the cleanser:

Step 1: Calculate the molar mass of hydrochloric acid.
The molar mass of hydrogen (H) = 1 g/mol
The molar mass of chlorine (Cl) = 35.5 g/mol
The molar mass of hydrochloric acid (HCl) = 1 g/mol + 35.5 g/mol = 36.5 g/mol

Step 2: Calculate the concentration of hydrochloric acid in g dm⁻³.
Concentration (g dm⁻³) = molarity (mol L⁻¹) x molar mass (g/mol)
= 0.030 mol L-1 x 36.5 g/mol
= 1.095 g dm⁻³

So, the concentration of hydrochloric acid in the cleanser is 1.095 g dm⁻³.