I really need help!
I need to know how a Table with polyatomic listed looks like.
And Rules for naming Covalent Compounds (mono, di, tri,..)
and How to find Lewis structure using the periodic table
Assistance needed.
http://antoine.frostburg.edu/chem/senese/101/compounds/polyatomic.shtml
http://dl.clackamas.cc.or.us/ch104-09/naming1.htm
http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/pertab/perlewis.html
Think i can help you..
Sure! I can help you with that. Let's break it down into three parts: explaining a table with polyatomic ions listed, rules for naming covalent compounds, and finding Lewis structures using the periodic table.
1. Table with polyatomic ions:
A table with polyatomic ions lists the different polyatomic ions along with their names and formulas. Polyatomic ions are groups of atoms that are bound together and carry an overall electrical charge. They are often formed by covalent bonding between atoms. Here is an example of a table with some common polyatomic ions:
Ion | Name | Formula
---------|--------------|--------
Ammonium | NH₄⁺ |
Hydroxide| OH⁻ |
Nitrate | NO₃⁻ |
Carbonate| CO₃²⁻ |
Sulfate | SO₄²⁻ |
Phosphate| PO₄³⁻ |
This is a small sample, but there are many more polyatomic ions. Knowing the names and formulas of commonly encountered polyatomic ions can be useful when naming compounds or predicting chemical reactions.
2. Naming covalent compounds:
Covalent compounds are formed by sharing of electrons between two or more nonmetals. When naming covalent compounds, the prefixes "mono," "di," "tri," etc. are used to indicate the number of atoms of each element in the compound. Here are the rules for naming covalent compounds:
- The first element in the formula is named first and full element name is used.
- The second element is named as if it were an anion (add "-ide" to the root element name).
- Prefixes are used to indicate the number of atoms present for each element, except the prefix "mono" is not used for the first element. Here are the prefixes used:
- 1 = mono-
- 2 = di-
- 3 = tri-
- 4 = tetra-
- 5 = penta-
- 6 = hexa-
- 7 = hepta-
- 8 = octa-
- 9 = nona-
- 10 = deca-
For example, the compound N₂O₄ is named dinitrogen tetroxide. "Di" is used to indicate two nitrogen atoms, and "tetra" is used to indicate four oxygen atoms.
3. Finding Lewis structure using the periodic table:
To find the Lewis structure of a molecule or ion using the periodic table, you need to follow these steps:
- Determine the total number of valence electrons for all atoms in the molecule or ion. You can find the number of valence electrons by referring to the periodic table. The group number of the element indicates the number of valence electrons.
- Identify the central atom, which is usually the least electronegative atom or the one with the highest valence.
- Connect the atoms in the molecule or ion using single bonds.
- Distribute the remaining electrons around the atoms to satisfy the octet rule (except hydrogen, which can only have 2 valence electrons).
- If there are still extra electrons, create double or triple bonds until each atom satisfies the octet rule.
- Check if each atom in the molecule or ion has a full valence shell (except hydrogen, which only requires 2 electrons). Adjust the number of electrons or bond types if needed.
Following these steps will help you identify the Lewis structure of a molecule or ion using the periodic table.
I hope this helps! Let me know if you have any more questions.