Hypotension could be induced by
a.excessive renin secretion
b.excessive antidiuretic hormone secretion
c.excessive aldosterone secretion
d.excessive atrial natriuretic factor secretion
In mice, d is true. If atrial natriuretic factor is injected, hypo tension results.
To determine the correct answer, we need to understand what hypotension is and the role of each hormone in regulating blood pressure.
Hypotension refers to low blood pressure, which can result in symptoms like dizziness, fainting, and fatigue. Blood pressure is maintained by a complex interplay of various hormones and physiological mechanisms.
Now let's evaluate each option:
a. Excessive renin secretion: Renin is an enzyme released by the kidneys when there is low blood pressure or low blood volume. Renin leads to the activation of angiotensin, which ultimately constricts blood vessels and increases blood pressure. Excessive renin secretion would increase blood pressure and thus is not a cause of hypotension.
b. Excessive antidiuretic hormone (ADH) secretion: ADH, also known as vasopressin, is secreted by the pituitary gland to regulate water balance in the body. It causes the kidneys to reabsorb water, leading to an increase in blood volume and ultimately increasing blood pressure. Excessive ADH secretion would increase blood pressure and is not a cause of hypotension.
c. Excessive aldosterone secretion: Aldosterone is a hormone secreted by the adrenal glands, which helps regulate sodium and potassium levels in the body. It promotes the reabsorption of sodium by the kidneys and increases blood volume, thereby increasing blood pressure. Excessive aldosterone secretion would lead to increased blood pressure and is not a cause of hypotension.
d. Excessive atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) secretion: ANF is secreted by special cells in the heart in response to increased blood volume or pressure. It acts as a diuretic and promotes the excretion of sodium and water, reducing blood volume and lowering blood pressure. Therefore, excessive ANF secretion would cause blood pressure to decrease, leading to hypotension.
Based on the explanations above, the correct answer is d. excessive atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) secretion.