Write the balanced equations for the reactions:
a) Reduction of Ag+ Ions with metal Fe.
b) Oxidation of metal Mg with Cu2+ ion.
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Reduction of Ag+ Ions with metal Fe.
To write the balanced equations for the given reactions, we need to follow a few steps.
a) Reduction of Ag+ Ions with Metal Fe:
Step 1: Identify the reactants and products:
- Reactants: Ag+ ions and metal Fe.
- Products: Reduced Ag metal.
Step 2: Write the half-reactions:
The reduction half-reaction involves the gain of electrons, so we'll write the half-reaction for the reduction of Ag+ ions:
Ag+ + e- → Ag
The oxidation half-reaction involves the loss of electrons, so we'll write the half-reaction for the oxidation of Fe:
Fe → Fe2+ + 2e-
Note: The half-reaction for the oxidation of Fe is not balanced yet; we'll balance it in the following step.
Step 3: Balance the half-reactions:
The electrons lost by Fe (2e-) need to be equal to the electrons gained by Ag+ (e-). To balance the electrons, we'll multiply each half-reaction by appropriate coefficients:
2Ag+ + 2e- → 2Ag (multiplying the reduction half-reaction by 2)
Fe → Fe2+ + 2e-
Now, the number of electrons in both half-reactions is balanced.
Step 4: Combine the half-reactions:
Multiplying one or both half-reactions by suitable coefficients, if necessary, ensures that the number of electrons canceled out is the same in both reactions (since one loses electrons and the other gains electrons).
The balanced equation for the reduction of Ag+ ions with metal Fe is:
2Ag+ + Fe → 2Ag + Fe2+
b) Oxidation of Metal Mg with Cu2+ Ions:
Step 1: Identify the reactants and products:
- Reactants: Metal Mg and Cu2+ ions.
- Products: Oxidized Mg2+ ions and Cu metal.
Step 2: Write the half-reactions:
The reduction half-reaction involves the gain of electrons, so we'll write the half-reaction for the reduction of Cu2+ ions:
Cu2+ + 2e- → Cu
The oxidation half-reaction involves the loss of electrons, so we'll write the half-reaction for the oxidation of Mg:
Mg → Mg2+ + 2e-
Step 3: Balance the half-reactions:
The electrons lost by Mg (2e-) need to be equal to the electrons gained by Cu2+ (2e-). Both half-reactions already have balanced electrons.
Step 4: Combine the half-reactions:
The balanced equation for the oxidation of metal Mg with Cu2+ ions is:
Mg + Cu2+ → Mg2+ + Cu