I need to know what the source of energy which causes mountain building by folding or faulting? What form(s) of energy is involved?
This was the only question I need help with so thanks a bunch for the help!!!! :-D
The source of energy that causes mountain building through folding or faulting is primarily derived from tectonic plate movements. The Earth's crust is divided into several large plates that float on the semi-fluid layer of the mantle. These plates can move, collide, or slide past each other due to the convection currents within the mantle.
When two tectonic plates converge, either a subduction zone can be formed (where one plate is forced beneath the other) or a collision can occur (where two plates collide head-on). In both cases, enormous forces are exerted on the rock layers, leading to deformation.
The energy involved in mountain building can be categorized into two forms:
1. Kinetic energy: This energy is associated with the motion of the tectonic plates. As the plates interact, they can slide, grind, or collide against each other. The kinetic energy generated by the movement of the plates is converted into various forms of deformation energy, leading to folding or faulting.
2. Elastic potential energy: When the rocks undergo deformation due to the forces exerted by plate movements, they store elastic potential energy. This energy is similar to the potential energy stored in a compressed spring. As the rocks are subjected to stress and strain, they acquire potential energy that is later released during faulting or folding.
Understanding the source and forms of energy involved in mountain building through folding or faulting helps us analyze the geological processes responsible for the formation of mountains.