I need to find these in this poem:
1.Apostrophe:The addressing of a discourse to a real or imagined person who is not present; also a speech to an abstraction.
2.Synecdoche:A figure of speech in which a part stands for a whole, or a whole for a part.
3.Metonymy:A figure of speech in which one thing is used as a substitute for another from which it is closely identified.
5.Synesthesia: A figure of speech uniting or fusing separate sensations or feelings; the description of one type of perception or thought with words that are appropriate to one another.
THE VOICE YOU HEAR WHEN YOU READ SILENTLY By Thomas Lux
The voice you hear when you read silently
is not silent, it is a speaking
out-loud voice in your head: it is spoken,
a voice is saying it
as you read. It’s the writer’s words,
of course in a literary sense
his or her “voice” but the sound
of that voice is the sound of your voice
Not the sound your friends know
or the sound of a tape played back
but your voice
caught in the dark cathedral
of your skull, your voice heard
by an internal ear informed by internal abstracts
and what you know by feeling,
having felt. It is your voice
saying, for example, the word “barn”
that the winter wrote
but the “barn” you say
is a barn you know or knew. The voice
in your head, speaking as you read,
never says anything neutrally–some people
hated the barn they knew,
some people love the barn they know
so you hear the word loaded
and a sensory constellation
is lit: horse-gnawed stalls,
hayloft, black heat tape wrapping
a water pipe, a slippery
spilled chirrr of oats from a split sack,
the bony, filthy haunches of cows...
And “barn” is only a noun–no verb
or subject has entered into the sentence yet!
The voice you hear when you read to yourself
is the clearest voice: you speak it
speaking to you
Someone will be glad to comment on the examples you find.
To find examples of apostrophe, synecdoche, metonymy, and synesthesia in the poem "THE VOICE YOU HEAR WHEN YOU READ SILENTLY" by Thomas Lux, we can analyze the text and identify instances that fit the definitions of each figure of speech.
1. Apostrophe: The addressing of a discourse to a real or imagined person who is not present; also a speech to an abstraction.
In the poem, there is no direct address to a person or abstraction that is not present. Therefore, we do not find an example of apostrophe in this poem.
2. Synecdoche: A figure of speech in which a part stands for a whole, or a whole for a part.
An example of synecdoche in the poem can be seen in the line "the voice in your head" where the voice represents the whole abstract concept of a person's inner thoughts and reading experience.
3. Metonymy: A figure of speech in which one thing is used as a substitute for another from which it is closely identified.
An example of metonymy in the poem is in the line "the winter wrote" where "winter" is used to refer to the actions, conditions, or events associated with winter. The usage of "winter" replaces a more direct description or explanation of what it specifically entails.
4. Synesthesia: A figure of speech uniting or fusing separate sensations or feelings; the description of one type of perception or thought with words that are appropriate to one another.
The poem as a whole can be seen as an example of synesthesia, as it attempts to describe the interconnectedness of reading, internal voices, and sensory experiences. The use of vivid descriptions, such as "horse-gnawed stalls" and "slippery spilled chirrr of oats," fuses different sensations and feelings together, creating a sensory constellation for the reader.
To analyze a poem or any other piece of literature for figurative language, it's important to read the text carefully, consider the definitions and examples of different figures of speech, and identify instances where the use of language deviates from literal meanings to convey deeper meanings or create a specific effect.