For the reaction shown, calculate how many grams of oxygen form when each of the following completely reacts.
2HgO(s)→2Hg(l)+O2(g)
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2.42
To calculate the grams of oxygen formed in the reaction, we need to use stoichiometry and the molar masses of the substances involved in the reaction.
The balanced equation tells us that 2 moles of HgO react to form 1 mole of O2. Therefore, the molar ratio between HgO and O2 is 2:1.
Step 1: Convert grams of HgO to moles of HgO
To convert grams of HgO to moles, we need to divide the given mass of HgO by its molar mass.
The molar mass of HgO is:
1 atom of Hg = 200.59 g/mol
1 atom of O = 16.00 g/mol
Total molar mass of HgO = 200.59 g/mol + 16.00 g/mol = 216.59 g/mol
Let's say the given mass of HgO is X grams. We can convert X grams of HgO to moles by using the following equation:
moles of HgO = X grams of HgO / molar mass of HgO
Step 2: Calculate moles of O2
Since the molar ratio between HgO and O2 is 2:1, the moles of HgO obtained in Step 1 are equal to the moles of O2 formed.
moles of O2 = moles of HgO
Step 3: Convert moles of O2 to grams of O2
To convert moles of O2 to grams, we need to multiply the moles of O2 by its molar mass.
The molar mass of O2 is:
2 atoms of O = 16.00 g/mol (as oxygen is a diatomic gas)
The formula for converting moles of O2 to grams of O2 is:
grams of O2 = moles of O2 x molar mass of O2
In summary:
- Convert grams of HgO to moles of HgO.
- The moles of HgO obtained are equal to the moles of O2 formed.
- Convert moles of O2 to grams of O2.
Repeat these steps for each given mass of HgO, and you will find the mass of O2 formed in each case.
To calculate the number of grams of oxygen formed in the reaction, we need to know the number of moles of HgO reacting.
Step 1: Find the molar mass of HgO.
The molar mass of HgO is calculated by summing the atomic masses of its constituent elements.
Mercury (Hg) has an atomic mass of 200.59 g/mol.
Oxygen (O) has an atomic mass of 16.00 g/mol.
So, the molar mass of HgO is 200.59 g/mol + 16.00 g/mol = 216.59 g/mol.
Step 2: Calculate the number of moles of HgO.
We can use the equation:
moles = mass / molar mass
Since the reaction is given to be complete, we will assume that all of the HgO reacts.
Step 3: Calculate the number of moles of O2 produced.
According to the balanced equation, 1 mole of HgO reacts to produce 1 mole of O2.
Therefore, the number of moles of O2 produced is the same as the number of moles of HgO.
Step 4: Convert moles of O2 to grams of O2.
To convert moles of O2 to grams, we need to multiply the number of moles by the molar mass of O2.
The molar mass of O2 is calculated by summing the atomic masses of oxygen.
Oxygen (O) has an atomic mass of 16.00 g/mol.
So, the molar mass of O2 is 2(16.00 g/mol) = 32.00 g/mol.
Multiply the number of moles of O2 by its molar mass:
grams of O2 = moles of O2 × molar mass of O2
Step 5: Calculate the grams of oxygen formed.
Substitute the number of moles of HgO obtained from Step 2 into the formula:
grams of O2 = moles of O2 × molar mass of O2
Therefore, the grams of oxygen formed can be calculated using the steps outlined above.