Concentrated nitric acid is 70% HNO3 and 14.7 M. What is the density of the solution?
To find the density of the solution, we can use the definition of density which is the mass of a substance per unit volume.
First, we need to determine the mass of the solution.
Given that the concentration of HNO3 is 70%, the mass of HNO3 in the solution can be calculated as:
Mass_HNO3 = (Concentration_HNO3 / 100) * Total_mass
Given that the concentration of HNO3 is 14.7 M, we can assume that the volume of the solution is 1 liter (1000 mL) to simplify the calculation.
Volume_solution = 1000 mL
Now, we can calculate the mass of HNO3 using the given concentration:
Mass_HNO3 = (14.7 mol/L) * (63 g/mol) * (Volume_solution / 1000 L)
Notice that the molar mass of HNO3 is 63 g/mol.
Given that the solution is 70% HNO3, the mass of the solution is:
Total_mass = Mass_HNO3 / 0.70
The density of the solution can be calculated as:
Density = Total_mass / Volume_solution
By substituting the above expressions for Total_mass and Volume_solution, we can determine the density of the solution.
To determine the density of the nitric acid solution, you need to know the concentration of the solution and the molar mass of the nitric acid.
First, let's convert the concentration from molarity (M) to the weight percent (%).
Molarity (M) gives the number of moles of solute (in this case, HNO3) per liter of solution.
Weight percent (%) gives the mass of solute (in this case, HNO3) per 100 grams of solution.
To convert from M to %, you need to know the molar mass of HNO3, which is:
H = 1g/mol
N = 14g/mol
O = 16g/mol
So, the molar mass of HNO3 is:
1(1) + 1(14) + 3(16) = 1 + 14 + 48 = 63g/mol
Now, to convert the concentration from M to %, use the following equation:
% = (M x Molar mass of HNO3) / Density of the solution
Rearranging the equation, we have:
Density of the solution = (M x Molar mass of HNO3) / %
Given that the concentration of the nitric acid solution is 14.7 M and it is 70% HNO3, we can substitute these values into the equation.
Density of the solution = (14.7 M x 63 g/mol) / 70%
Now, you need to convert the weight percent to a decimal by dividing by 100:
Density of the solution = (14.7 M x 63 g/mol) / 0.70
Calculating this expression will give you the density of the solution.
See your other post on concen, density, molarity.
The general formula is
density x 1000 x (%/100) x (1/molar mass material) = Molarity mataerial