Which natural recourse is not a common and highly important food source throughout the Pacific Islands

bananas
cattle
pork***
taro root

To determine which of the given natural resources is not a common and highly important food source throughout the Pacific Islands, we can consider each option individually.

1. Bananas: Bananas are commonly cultivated and widely consumed in the Pacific Islands. They are an important source of nutrition and commonly used in various dishes and desserts.
2. Cattle: While cattle are raised for meat production in some areas of the Pacific Islands, they are not as prevalent or central to the diet as other options.
3. Pork: Pork is common and highly important as a food source throughout the Pacific Islands. It is a staple meat in many cuisines, including traditional feasts and preparations.
4. Taro root: Taro root is another significant staple food in the Pacific Islands. It is widely cultivated and used in a variety of dishes.

Based on this analysis, the resource that is not a common and highly important food source throughout the Pacific Islands is cattle. Although raised for meat production in certain areas, it is not as prevalent as bananas, pork, or taro root in terms of its importance to the diet.