During the late 18th and mid 19th centuries, Europeans and North Americans were attracted to nearby coastal waters due to potential economic gains from
catching trout and cod fish
catching seals and whales
shipbuilding
finding riches on unexplored islands***
North America to Europe
To correctly answer this question, we need to analyze the options provided.
1. Catching trout and cod fish: Trout is typically found in freshwater systems, such as rivers and lakes, while cod fish inhabit saltwater bodies like oceans and seas. Therefore, targeting trout and cod fish would not have been the primary motivation for Europeans and North Americans to venture into coastal waters during this period.
2. Catching seals and whales: This option is more plausible. Seals were hunted for their fur, which was highly valued in the fur trade industry. Likewise, whales were hunted for their blubber, which was processed into oil used for lamps, fuel, and other purposes.
3. Shipbuilding: Shipbuilding was indeed a significant economic activity during this era. Europeans and North Americans relied heavily on maritime transportation for trade and exploration. Coastal areas provided easy access to timber, which was essential for constructing ships.
4. Finding riches on unexplored islands: While exploring unexplored islands may have been a motivation for some expeditions, it is less likely to be a primary economic incentive or a widespread practice during this time.
Considering the economic gains mentioned above, the correct answer is a combination of catching seals and whales, as well as shipbuilding. These activities brought in profits through the fur trade industry and enabled the expansion of maritime transportation networks.