calculate the ph of a solution that is 0.111 M HCI(strong solution)
pH = -log(HCl)
The symbology should be lower case 'p' followed by capital 'H' => pH ... This notation comes from p-factor analysis or pX, and 'X'designates quantity of interest. pH is only one of several p-factor conversions. In the case of pH, it is used for analysis of aqueous solutions having very low concentrations of solute where pH is an indication of hydronium ion concentration [H3O^+], or [H^+] in aqueous solution, and such is why the symbology requires capital 'H' as the designated p-factor, pH. The element hydrogen is not represented by 'h', but capital 'H'. It's purpose is to put small fractional numbers into a more manageable form. The form is also used (but less widely known than pH) to convert hydroxide concentrations = [OH^-] => pOH, weak acid ionization constants (Ka) to pKa, weak base ionization constants to pKb, solubility product constants (Ksp) to pKsp, and many more for the purpose of putting numbers in more convenient form. ph does not mean anything, but pH = -log[H3O^+] = -log[H^+].
Now, because HCl is a strong electrolyte (strong acid) 0.111M HCl ionizes 100% in water delivering 0.111M in Hydronium ions (H3O^+) or shorthand (H^+) ... pH = -log[H3O^+] = -log[H^+] = -log(0.111) = -(-0.955) = 0.955.
Also, if you happen to need it, the hydronium ion concentration in weak acids (which typically ionize <5% by wt) can be calculated by a simple formula => [H^+]= Sqr-Root of {(Acid Ionization Constant, Ka)} x [Molar Concentration of Weak Acid]. Then apply pH = -log[H^+]. If needing pOH for whatever reason, remember pH + pOH = 14 => pOH = 14 - pH.
Also, there are only six (6) strong acids (ionize 100% in aqueous media) ... HCl, HBr, HI, HNO3, HClO4, H2SO4 (1st ionization step)... If acid of interest is NOT a member of this six, it is a weak acid. => Ionization is less than 100%; usually < 5% by wt.
Actually, your question is quite simple to solve, but when you wrote ph, I felt you might appreciate a little more insight into the origin and use of pH from p-factor analysis. Enjoy.
To calculate the pH of a strong acid solution like HCl, you can use the formula:
pH = -log[H+]
Where [H+] represents the concentration of hydrogen ions in the solution.
Given that the concentration of HCl is 0.111 M, we know that the concentration of H+ ions is also 0.111 M because HCl is a strong acid that dissociates completely in solution.
Now, we can substitute the value into the pH formula:
pH = -log(0.111)
Using a calculator, we can find that the logarithm of 0.111 is -0.9542.
Therefore, the pH of a 0.111 M HCl solution is approximately 0.9542.