how do i get pure samples from a mixture of potassium carbonate,ammonuim chloride and copper (ii)oxide
To obtain pure samples from a mixture of potassium carbonate, ammonium chloride, and copper (II) oxide, you need to employ separation techniques based on the physical and chemical properties of each compound. The following steps outline the process:
1. Dissolution: Add water to the mixture and stir to dissolve the water-soluble compounds. In this case, potassium carbonate and ammonium chloride are soluble in water, while copper (II) oxide is insoluble.
2. Filtration: Set up a filtration apparatus such as a filter funnel or a filter paper in a funnel. Filter the mixture to separate the insoluble copper (II) oxide from the liquid filtrate containing potassium carbonate and ammonium chloride. Copper (II) oxide will be retained on the filter paper while the liquid passes through.
3. Evaporation: Collect the filtrate in a beaker and heat it gently to evaporate the water. As the water evaporates, potassium carbonate and ammonium chloride will be left behind as solid residues. The remaining solution will become more concentrated.
4. Crystallization: Allow the concentrated solution to cool down slowly. As the temperature decreases, potassium carbonate and ammonium chloride will start to crystallize out of the solution to form pure crystals. The crystals can be separated using filtration or by decanting the liquid.
5. Calcination: The copper (II) oxide on the filter paper can be further purified by a process called calcination. Transfer the filter paper containing the copper (II) oxide to a crucible and heat it strongly in a furnace or Bunsen burner. This will burn off any impurities, leaving behind pure copper (II) oxide.
By following these steps, you should be able to obtain pure samples of potassium carbonate, ammonium chloride, and copper (II) oxide from the mixture.