An element M forms an ion of M^3+. The atom and the ion have the same:
a) radius
b)number of electrons
c)ionizaton energy
d)nuclear charge
e)chemical properties
What is your thinking on this?
The correct answer is c) ionization energy.
Explanation: When an element forms an ion, it either gains or loses electrons in order to achieve a stable electron configuration. In the case of the element M forming an ion M^3+, it means that M loses 3 electrons.
The atomic radius is determined by the distance between the nucleus and the outermost electron shell. When electrons are lost or gained, it can affect the atomic radius. In this case, since M loses 3 electrons, the M^3+ ion has a smaller radius compared to the atom. Therefore, the answer a) radius is incorrect.
The number of electrons in the atom is determined by its atomic number, which remains the same regardless of ion formation. However, in the case of M^3+ ion, it has 3 fewer electrons compared to the atom. Therefore, the answer b) number of electrons is incorrect.
The ionization energy is the amount of energy required to remove an electron from an atom or ion. The fact that M forms the M^3+ ion indicates that it has a high ionization energy, meaning it requires a significant amount of energy to remove 3 electrons from the atom. Therefore, the answer c) ionization energy is correct.
The nuclear charge is determined by the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. Since the element M forms the M^3+ ion, the number of protons in the nucleus remains the same. Therefore, the answer d) nuclear charge is incorrect.
Lastly, the chemical properties of an element are primarily determined by its electron configuration and the number of valence electrons. When M forms the M^3+ ion, it loses 3 valence electrons and its electron configuration changes. This change in electron configuration affects its chemical properties. Therefore, the answer e) chemical properties is incorrect.
To summarize, the element M and its M^3+ ion have the same ionization energy, while the other options (a) radius, b) number of electrons, d) nuclear charge, e) chemical properties) are not the same for the atom and the ion.