1. He raises cows in the country.

Question

1. He raises cows in the country.

(Does 'cows' mean female animals only?)

Answer 1

Yes, it does mean only females:

cow1.

[kou]

NOUN

1.a fully grown female animal of a domesticated breed of ox, used as a source of milk or beef: See cattle.
"a dairy cow"

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BUT, in informal language, we often refer to any cattle, male or female, as cows. It is not proper English, but we use it to mean just "cattle". It would be best to say, "He raises cattle in the country" if we mean male and female, bulls and cows.

Answer 2

NOTE: A cow is also a mature female of elephant, moose, and a few other mammals, too, not just cattle.

Answer 3

No, the term "cows" is often used to refer to female cattle, but it can also be used more broadly to include all cattle, regardless of their gender. In general, "cattle" is the term used to refer to a group of bovine animals that includes both male and female individuals. If you want to specifically refer to female cattle, you can use the term "heifers." So, in the sentence "He raises cows in the country," it is likely referring to both male and female cattle unless otherwise specified.