If I ask 10 adults 3 questions for a sample, is my sample size 10?

No, your sample size would be 30 if you ask 10 adults 3 questions each. The sample size is determined by the number of individual samples you have collected, not the number of people you have asked. In this case, you are asking 10 adults, but each adult provides 3 individual responses, resulting in a total of 30 sample points.