Asprin C9H8O4 is made by the reaction of salicylic acid C7H6O3 and acetic anhydride C4H6O3. The other product in the reaction is acetic acid HC2H3O2. How many of each reactant should be used to produce 75.0g of asprin. Assume that the reaction gives a 68.2% yield.
write and balance the chemical reaction.
change 75g aspirin to moles of aspirin. Now multiply that by 1/.682.
Now, use the mole ratio to determine each reactant from the balanced formula.
To find out how many of each reactant should be used to produce 75.0g of aspirin, we need to follow the chemical equation and consider the molar masses of the substances involved.
First, let's calculate the molar mass of aspirin:
C9H8O4 = (9 atoms of C × 12.01 g/mol) + (8 atoms of H × 1.01 g/mol) + (4 atoms of O × 16.00 g/mol)
= 180.16 g/mol
Next, we need to determine the theoretical yield of aspirin. The given percent yield is 68.2%, meaning that the actual yield will be 68.2% of the theoretical yield. So, we can calculate the theoretical yield as follows:
Theoretical yield = (actual yield / percent yield) × 100
= (75.0 g / 0.682) × 100
≈ 109.96 g
Now, let's calculate the number of moles of aspirin:
Number of moles of aspirin = mass of aspirin / molar mass of aspirin
= 75.0 g / 180.16 g/mol
≈ 0.4164 mol
According to the balanced chemical equation, aspirin is formed in a 1:1 molar ratio with salicylic acid. This means that the number of moles of salicylic acid required is also 0.4164 mol.
Finally, we can calculate the number of moles of acetic anhydride needed. From the balanced chemical equation, we know that for every 1 mole of aspirin, 1 mole of acetic anhydride is required. Therefore, the number of moles of acetic anhydride needed is also 0.4164 mol.
To find the mass of each reactant required, we have to use their respective molar masses.
Mass of salicylic acid = number of moles × molar mass
= 0.4164 mol × 138.12 g/mol (molar mass of salicylic acid)
Mass of acetic anhydride = number of moles × molar mass
= 0.4164 mol × 102.09 g/mol (molar mass of acetic anhydride)
Lastly, we should calculate the mass of acetic acid produced as a byproduct. According to the balanced chemical equation, the number of moles of acetic acid formed is equal to the number of moles of acetic anhydride used. So, we can calculate the mass of acetic acid as follows:
Mass of acetic acid = number of moles × molar mass
= 0.4164 mol × 60.05 g/mol (molar mass of acetic acid)