The Western presence in Africa left a legacy that:

A. was entirely negative.
B. disappeared immediately when the colonial powers withdrew.
C. was overwhelmingly positive in its impact.
D. mixed, with both positive and negative results.

Answer: D

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All of the following were results of European colonialism in Africa except

To arrive at the correct answer, we need to understand the legacy of the Western presence in Africa and analyze both positive and negative aspects.

To do this, one approach is to conduct research and examine historical sources, including scholarly articles, books, and primary documents. By reviewing the historical evidence, we can evaluate the impacts of the Western presence in Africa.

Positive aspects could include the introduction of modern infrastructure, such as roads, railways, schools, and healthcare facilities. The Western presence also brought about advancements in agriculture, technology, and industry, which contributed to economic growth and development in some areas. Additionally, Western education and legal systems were established, leading to improved literacy rates and the promotion of justice and equality.

On the other hand, negative aspects of Western presence include the exploitation of African resources, forced labor, and the displacement of indigenous populations. Colonial powers also imposed their cultural, social, and political systems, often causing a loss of traditional practices and values. Additionally, the partitioning of Africa by European powers resulted in arbitrary borders that still impact the continent today.

Considering these factors, it is clear that the legacy of the Western presence in Africa is a mix of positive and negative outcomes. Therefore, the correct answer is D - mixed, with both positive and negative results.