1. Which of the following correctly describes the image below?

protein Molecule
RNA Molecule
amino Acid
carboxylic Acid
2. Glucose and fructose are monosaccharides that have the same chemical formula, C6H12O6. However, they do not react the same chemically. Which of the following generalizations can explain this?
Monosaccharides serve different cellular functions, and they are only involved in reactions in which they are needed.
The atoms of monosaccharides are arranged differently, and the different shape gives each monosaccharide unique properties.
Monosaccharides have different properties, but the disaccharides they form when combined with other molecules will have the same properties.
The atoms of monosaccharides are arranged similarly, but the monomers from which they are formed have different physical and chemical properties.
3. Which of the following best describes what happens to an enzyme after it catalyzes a chemical reaction?
Its mass decreases since part of the molecule is used up.
It is unchanged and can be used again for the same chemical reaction.
It becomes chemically bonded to the products of the reaction.
Its shape changes, giving it different chemical and physical properties.
4. Under which of the following conditions would a chemical reaction most likely proceed at the fastest rate?
adding an enzyme to decrease the activation energy of the reaction
decreasing temperature to prevent products from becoming denatured
adding an inhibitor to prevent enzymes from interfering with the reaction
increasing pH to decrease the acidity of the reactants
5. Which of the following is true of modern cell theory?
As technology improves so will our understanding of cells.
Multi-celled organisms are the focus of most modern discoveries.
Early cell theory has turned out to be incorrect.
Scientists have learned all they can about cells at this point.
6. Rudolf Virchow's and Louis Pasteur's work resulted in significant contributions to cell theory but also
contradicted earlier cell theories significantly.
completed the work on the main ideas of the cell theory.
remained unpublished until after their deaths.
contradicted the accepted belief in spontaneous generation.
7. What best explains the relationship between structure and function of the cell membrane?
The single layer membrane surrounding the outside of the cell allows for the easy removal of waste.
The lipids and proteins that make up the membrane allow it to be selective about what enters and leaves the cell.
The fluid inside the membrane buffers the chemical reactions taking place inside the cell.
The lipids forming the membrane provide energy for protein synthesis.
8. Water (H2O), carbon dioxide (CO2), and oxygen (O2) are all quite small molecules, yet they move across cell membranes differently. Both CO2 and O2 passively diffuse across the cell membrane directly while H2O moves across the cell membrane by facilitated diffusion. What can be concluded about these three molecules based on the way they react to the cell membrane?
The water molecules are attracted to the lipid tails of the cell membrane, but the carbon dioxide and oxygen molecules are not.
The water molecules are too small to pass between the lipid tails of the cell membrane, while the molecules of carbon dioxide and oxygen are not.
The water molecules are repelled by the lipid tails of the cell membrane, but the carbon dioxide and oxygen molecules are not.
The water molecules are too large to pass between the lipid tails of the cell membrane, while the molecules of carbon dioxide and oxygen are not.
9. Which of the following provides the best description of a difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
The cell membrane of prokaryotic cells contains proteins, while the cell membrane of eukaryotic cells contains only lipids and carbohydrates.
The DNA in eukaryotic cells is enclosed in the nucleus, while the DNA in prokaryotic cells is not separated from the rest of the cell's contents.
Eukaryotic cells have cell walls that consist mainly of sugars, while prokaryotic cells do not.
Prokaryotic cells contain chloroplasts and mitochondria, while eukaryotic cells do not contain specialized organelles.
10. Which of the following organelles is found in both plant and animal cells?
cell wall
chloroplast
central vacuole
mitochondrium
11. Which of the following correctly describes contrasting features of a plant cell and an animal cell?
Plant cells have a cell membrane, and animals have both cell walls and a cell membrane.
Plant cells have lysosomes with enzymes, while animal cells have only the Golgi apparatus.
Plant cells have a large central vacuole that takes up most of the cell's space, and animal cells have many smaller vacuoles.
Plant cells have both rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum, while animal cells have only smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
12. Studies have shown that some medications can damage mitochondria. Which of the following would you predict to be the most likely long-term effect on an organism with damaged mitochondria?
Proteins would not be modified after being synthesized, and the organism would be unable to grow.
The organism would suffer as its cells would be less able to provide the energy needed to carry out life functions.
Substances would not be able to enter or leave the cells of the organism, and affected cells would eventually burst.
Errors would be made during DNA replication, and the organism would be more likely to develop cancer.
13. How does having many small chloroplasts rather than one large one within each cell benefit a plant?
It decreases the surface area reducing the amount of unused light.
It allows more of the chlorophyll to be exposed to light.
It permits the cell to turn on only as many chloroplasts as are needed at a time.
It makes it easier to move chloroplasts to other cells if needed.
14. What is the function of the Golgi apparatus?
It modifies and stores proteins received from the endoplasmic reticulum.
It gives the cell shape and anchors many organelles in place.
It constructs lipids and breaks down carbohydrates.
It provides an acidic environment for the digestion of macromolecules.
15. Some muscle cells have the ability to produce more mitochondria if they are involved in regular exercise. Which answer correctly describes a benefit of this ability?
Cellular respiration rates would increase in the individual's cells.
The individual would not need as much food as before.
More fat molecules would be burned by the individual.
The individual's mass would increase due to the excess mitochondria.
16. A swimmer sprints a short distance for a competition. The swimmer is not able to take in enough oxygen to make the ATP needed for the sprint. Which of the following processes in most likely going to occur in the swimmers muscle cells during the competition?
Aerobic respiration would continue until oxygen is no longer available, leading to cell death.
Aerobic respiration will continue to make the same amount of ATP since oxygen is not required.
Anaerobic respiration would be used to produce small amounts of ATP in the absence of oxygen.
Anaerobic respiration will produce more ATP than the process used in the presence of oxygen.
17. The mitochondrion is host to which portion of cellular respiration?
glycolysis
alcoholic fermentation
lactic acid fermentation
the Krebs cycle
18. Which answer correctly compares the Krebs cycle and the electron transport chain?
Both are aerobic and focus on breaking down organic molecules.
Both occur in the mitochondria and result in producing more ATP.
Both are anaerobic and occur inside the mitochondria.
Both occur in the cytoplasm and result in producing more ATP.
19. Which of the following molecules get recycled during photosynthesis?
NADPH and ATP
CO2 and NADPH
ATP and glucose
water and glucose
20. Why does darkness affect the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis?
Plants stop their daytime activities and rest during the night much like animals do.
Light independent reactions need more heat energy than nighttime temperatures often provide.
Mitochondria produce sugars more effectively in the darkness than chloroplasts do.
Light independent reactions require the energy gathered in the thylakoids.
ARE MY ANSWERS CORRECT? IF NOT TELL ME WHICH ONES ARE WRONG THANK YOU!
1.C
2.B
3.B
4.A
5.A
6.D
7.B
8. I DON'T KNOW
9.B
10.C
11.C
12.B
13.B
14.A
15.A
16.C
17.A
18.B
19.B
20.D
Are you rely ms sue?
Which of the following best describes what happens to an enzyme after it catalyzes a chemical reaction? Is the answer to that question correct?
That is not mrs sue
Alright, let's go through your answers!
1. C - Correct! The image resembles a protein molecule.
2. B - Correct! Monosaccharides have different arrangements of atoms, giving them unique properties.
3. B - Correct! Enzymes are unchanged and can be used again after catalyzing a reaction.
4. A - Correct! Adding an enzyme can decrease the activation energy and speed up the reaction.
5. A - Correct! Modern cell theory acknowledges that as technology improves, our understanding of cells will also improve.
6. D - Correct! Virchow's and Pasteur's work contradicted the earlier belief in spontaneous generation.
7. B - Correct! The lipids and proteins in the cell membrane allow it to be selective about what enters and leaves the cell.
8. B - Incorrect! Water molecules are small enough to pass between the lipid tails of the cell membrane by facilitated diffusion.
9. B - Correct! Eukaryotic cells have DNA enclosed in the nucleus, while prokaryotic cells do not.
10. C - Correct! Both plant and animal cells have central vacuoles.
11. C - Incorrect! Plant cells have a large central vacuole, while animal cells have smaller vacuoles.
12. B - Correct! Damaged mitochondria would limit the cell's ability to provide energy, affecting the organism.
13. B - Correct! Having many small chloroplasts exposes more chlorophyll to light.
14. A - Correct! The Golgi apparatus modifies and stores proteins.
15. A - Correct! Producing more mitochondria increases cellular respiration rates.
16. C - Correct! Anaerobic respiration would be used to produce ATP in the absence of oxygen.
17. A - Correct! The mitochondria host glycolysis during cellular respiration.
18. B - Correct! Both the Krebs cycle and electron transport chain occur in the mitochondria and produce ATP.
19. B - Correct! CO2 and NADPH get recycled during photosynthesis.
20. D - Correct! Light-independent reactions of photosynthesis require the energy gathered in the thylakoids.
You got 18 out of 20 questions correct! Great job!
Here are the correct answers to the questions:
1. C - amino Acid
2. B - The atoms of monosaccharides are arranged differently, and the different shape gives each monosaccharide unique properties.
3. B - It is unchanged and can be used again for the same chemical reaction.
4. A - adding an enzyme to decrease the activation energy of the reaction
5. A - As technology improves so will our understanding of cells.
6. D - contradicted the accepted belief in spontaneous generation.
7. B - The lipids and proteins that make up the membrane allow it to be selective about what enters and leaves the cell.
8. The correct answer is: The water molecules are too large to pass between the lipid tails of the cell membrane, while the molecules of carbon dioxide and oxygen are not.
9. B - The DNA in eukaryotic cells is enclosed in the nucleus, while the DNA in prokaryotic cells is not separated from the rest of the cell's contents.
10. C - central vacuole
11. C - Plant cells have a large central vacuole that takes up most of the cell's space, and animal cells have many smaller vacuoles.
12. B - The organism would suffer as its cells would be less able to provide the energy needed to carry out life functions.
13. B - It allows more of the chlorophyll to be exposed to light.
14. A - It modifies and stores proteins received from the endoplasmic reticulum.
15. A - Cellular respiration rates would increase in the individual's cells.
16. C - Anaerobic respiration would be used to produce small amounts of ATP in the absence of oxygen.
17. D - the Krebs cycle
18. A - Both are aerobic and focus on breaking down organic molecules.
19. B - CO2 and NADPH
20. D - Light independent reactions require the energy gathered in the thylakoids.
Based on your answers, you got the following questions wrong:
- Question 8: The correct answer is "The water molecules are too large to pass between the lipid tails of the cell membrane, while the molecules of carbon dioxide and oxygen are not." This is because water is a polar molecule, and the lipid tails of the cell membrane are nonpolar, which makes it difficult for water to pass through.
- Question 6: The correct answer is "D - contradicted the accepted belief in spontaneous generation." Rudolf Virchow's work on cell division and Louis Pasteur's experiments disproving spontaneous generation were significant contributions to cell theory.
- Question 15: The correct answer is "A - Cellular respiration rates would increase in the individual's cells." The ability to produce more mitochondria through regular exercise allows for increased energy production through cellular respiration.
- Question 16: The correct answer is "C - Anaerobic respiration would be used to produce small amounts of ATP in the absence of oxygen." When there is not enough oxygen available for cellular respiration, anaerobic respiration takes place in muscle cells to produce ATP.
- Question 20: The correct answer is "D - Light independent reactions require the energy gathered in the thylakoids." The light-independent reactions, also known as the Calvin cycle, do not directly require light energy. They rely on the products of the light-dependent reactions (gathered in the thylakoids) for energy.
I hope this helps! Let me know if you have any other questions.