What properties do metalloids display, and where are metalloids found on the periodic table?
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Metalloids, also known as semi-metals, display properties that are intermediate between metals and nonmetals. These properties make them unique and enable them to exhibit characteristics of both types of elements. The main properties that metalloids display are:
1. Electrical conductivity: Metalloids can conduct electricity to some extent, but not as effectively as metals. They are considered semiconductors, which means their conductivity can be controlled and modified.
2. Thermal conductivity: Metalloids have moderate thermal conductivity, again falling between metals and nonmetals.
3. Brittleness: Unlike metals, metalloids are not malleable or ductile. They tend to be brittle and can break or shatter easily.
4. Solubility: Metalloids tend to have varying solubility in different solvents. Their solubility is not as well-defined as that of metals or nonmetals.
5. Metallic appearance: Some metalloids, such as arsenic and antimony, have a metallic appearance, while others, like silicon and boron, have a more nonmetallic appearance.
Now, let's talk about the location of metalloids on the periodic table. Metalloids are found in a diagonal strip or staircase formation on the periodic table. This staircase starts at boron (B) and extends down to polonium (Po). The metalloids that fall on this staircase are:
- Boron (B)
- Silicon (Si)
- Germanium (Ge)
- Arsenic (As)
- Antimony (Sb)
- Tellurium (Te)
- Polonium (Po)
Elements located above this staircase are typically considered nonmetals, while those below are classified as metals. The positioning of metalloids in this manner reflects their intermediate properties, bridging the gap between nonmetals and metals.