what mass of sodium hydroxide will be required to neutralize completely 1.60x10^23 molecules of HCl?
10.6
To determine the mass of sodium hydroxide required to neutralize the given number of molecules of hydrochloric acid (HCl), we need to consider the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and hydrochloric acid (HCl):
NaOH + HCl -> NaCl + H2O
From the balanced equation, we can see that 1 mole of NaOH reacts with 1 mole of HCl to produce 1 mole of NaCl and 1 mole of water (H2O).
First, we need to calculate the number of moles of HCl in 1.60x10^23 molecules of HCl.
Given:
Avogadro's number (NA) = 6.022 x 10^23 molecules/mol
Number of moles of HCl = Number of molecules / Avogadro's number
Number of moles of HCl = (1.60x10^23 molecules) / (6.022 x 10^23 molecules/mol)
Number of moles of HCl ≈ 0.266 mol
Since the molar ratio between NaOH and HCl is 1:1, the number of moles of NaOH required to neutralize the given amount of HCl is also 0.266 mol.
Next, we need to calculate the mass of NaOH required.
To do this, we will use the molar mass of NaOH:
Na = 23 g/mol
O = 16 g/mol
H = 1 g/mol
Molar mass of NaOH = (1 x 23) + (1 x 16) + (1 x 1) = 40 g/mol
Mass of NaOH = Number of moles x molar mass
Mass of NaOH = 0.266 mol x 40 g/mol
Mass of NaOH ≈ 10.64 g
Therefore, approximately 10.64 grams of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) will be required to completely neutralize 1.60x10^23 molecules of hydrochloric acid (HCl).
To determine the mass of sodium hydroxide required to neutralize a given number of molecules of hydrochloric acid (HCl), we need to follow these steps:
1. Determine the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and hydrochloric acid (HCl):
NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H2O
2. Find the ratio of molecules of HCl to molecules of NaOH using the balanced equation. In this case, the ratio is 1:1, meaning that 1 molecule of HCl reacts with 1 molecule of NaOH.
3. Convert the given number of molecules of HCl to moles. Since we are given the number of molecules of HCl (1.60x10^23), we can use Avogadro's number (6.022x10^23) to convert to moles:
Moles of HCl = (1.60x10^23 molecules) / (6.022x10^23 molecules/mol) ≈ 0.266 mol HCl
4. Using the mole ratio from the balanced equation, we determine the number of moles of NaOH required to neutralize the given amount of HCl. Since the ratio is 1:1, we know that 0.266 moles of NaOH are required.
5. Finally, calculate the mass of NaOH using its molar mass. The molar mass of NaOH is:
Molar Mass of NaOH = (1 mol Na) + (1 mol O) + (1 mol H) = 22.99 g + 16.00 g + 1.01 g = 40.00 g/mol
Mass of NaOH = (0.266 mol) x (40.00 g/mol) ≈ 10.64 g
Therefore, approximately 10.64 grams of sodium hydroxide will be required to neutralize completely 1.60x10^23 molecules of HCl.