In aqueous solution, classify these compounds as strong acids, weak acids, strong bases, weak bases, or other.
HNO3
HBr
HF
CH3COOH
H3PO4
NaOH
Ba(OH)2
(CH3)3N
NH3
NaCl
Hbr
To classify the compounds as strong acids, weak acids, strong bases, weak bases, or other, we need to understand the properties and behavior of these substances in an aqueous (water) solution. Here is an explanation of each compound and its classification:
1. HNO3 (Nitric Acid):
- Classification: Strong acid
- Explanation: Nitric acid (HNO3) is a strong acid because it completely dissociates (breaks apart) into hydrogen ions (H+) and nitrate ions (NO3-) in water, leading to a high concentration of H+ ions.
2. HBr (Hydrobromic Acid):
- Classification: Strong acid
- Explanation: Hydrobromic acid (HBr) is a strong acid because it completely ionizes into hydrogen ions (H+) and bromide ions (Br-) in water.
3. HF (Hydrofluoric Acid):
- Classification: Weak acid
- Explanation: Hydrofluoric acid (HF) is a weak acid because it only partially dissociates into hydrogen ions (H+) and fluoride ions (F-) in water, resulting in a lower concentration of H+ ions.
4. CH3COOH (Acetic Acid):
- Classification: Weak acid
- Explanation: Acetic acid (CH3COOH) is a weak acid. It partially ionizes into hydrogen ions (H+) and acetate ions (CH3COO-) in water.
5. H3PO4 (Phosphoric Acid):
- Classification: Weak acid
- Explanation: Phosphoric acid (H3PO4) is a weak acid because it only partially dissociates into hydrogen ions (H+) and phosphate ions (H2PO4-) in water.
6. NaOH (Sodium Hydroxide):
- Classification: Strong base
- Explanation: Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is a strong base. When added to water, it completely dissociates into sodium ions (Na+) and hydroxide ions (OH-), providing a high concentration of OH- ions.
7. Ba(OH)2 (Barium Hydroxide):
- Classification: Strong base
- Explanation: Barium hydroxide (Ba(OH)2) is a strong base that completely ionizes in water, yielding barium ions (Ba2+) and hydroxide ions (OH-).
8. (CH3)3N (Trimethylamine):
- Classification: Weak base
- Explanation: Trimethylamine ((CH3)3N) is a weak base. It partially accepts protons (H+) from water, forming ammonium ions (CH3)3NH+ and hydroxide ions (OH-).
9. NH3 (Ammonia):
- Classification: Weak base
- Explanation: Ammonia (NH3) is a weak base that accepts protons (H+) from water, forming ammonium ions (NH4+) and hydroxide ions (OH-).
10. NaCl (Sodium Chloride):
- Classification: Other (Neutral compound)
- Explanation: Sodium chloride (NaCl) is not an acid or base but rather a neutral compound. It dissolves in water, forming sodium ions (Na+) and chloride ions (Cl-), but it does not contribute H+ or OH- ions to the solution.
Remember, the classification of acids, bases, and other compounds in aqueous solutions is based on their behavior and the degree of ionization or dissociation in water.