Describe the Greek and Roman contributions to today's world.
http://www.eupedia.com/forum/threads/20285-Greatest-Ancient-Roman-contribution(s)-to-the-world
I also need Greek Contributions too
http://www.mindmeister.com/30587774/the-impact-of-ancient-greece-on-the-modern-world
The ancient civilizations of Greece and Rome made significant contributions to various fields, which continue to influence our world today. Here are some key aspects of their contributions:
1. Government and Law:
In Greece, democracy originated in the city-state of Athens. The principles of direct participation, individual rights, and majority rule that were developed in ancient Greece heavily influenced modern democratic systems.
Rome, on the other hand, is renowned for its formation of republican governance. The concept of a representative government, the separation of powers, and the rule of law were pivotal contributions. Many modern legal systems, such as the civil law tradition, were also influenced by Roman law.
2. Philosophy and Education:
Greek philosophy explored fundamental questions about existence, ethics, and knowledge. Philosophers like Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle pioneered philosophical thinking and established critical thinking as a foundational element of education. The Socratic Method, which involves questioning and debate, is still used in classrooms today.
3. Literature and Drama:
Greek and Roman literature laid the foundations for Western literary traditions. Greek epic poems, like the "Iliad" and "Odyssey" by Homer, continue to be studied and cherished. Roman writers, such as Virgil with his epic poem "Aeneid," also made significant contributions.
Greek drama, including tragedy and comedy, has greatly influenced theater and storytelling throughout history. Roman playwrights, such as Plautus and Terence, further developed comedic plays.
4. Art and Architecture:
The Greeks introduced principles of aesthetic beauty and harmony into art and architecture. Greek sculptures, such as the famous statue "Venus de Milo," exemplify the idealized human form. Greek architectural elements, like the Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian columns, are still found in modern buildings.
Roman art and architecture expanded upon Greek influence. They developed techniques like concrete, arches, and domes, revolutionizing construction. Buildings such as the Colosseum and the Pantheon remain iconic structures today.
5. Science and Mathematics:
Many scientific concepts and mathematical principles have their origins in ancient Greece. Greek mathematicians, such as Pythagoras and Euclid, developed fundamental theories that continue to be used today. The Pythagorean theorem and Euclidean geometry are examples of their contributions.
Roman engineering skills, including aqueducts, roads, and sanitation systems, were highly advanced for their time. These innovations provided the groundwork for modern infrastructure and urban planning.
These are just a few examples of the vast and varied contributions made by ancient Greek and Roman civilizations, which continue to shape our modern world in countless ways.