Calculating theoretical yield and percentage yield from preparation of 4-acetoxybenzoic acid from the interaction of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid and sulphuric acid

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To calculate the theoretical yield and percentage yield of 4-acetoxybenzoic acid, we need to have the balanced equation for the reaction. Unfortunately, the reaction you mentioned is not complete, as it does not include any reagents or conditions. Could you please provide more information about the reaction conditions or a balanced equation?

To calculate the theoretical yield and the percentage yield for the preparation of 4-acetoxybenzoic acid, you need to know the balanced chemical equation for the reaction and the amounts of reactants used.

The balanced chemical equation for the reaction can be represented as:

C7H6O3 + H2SO4 --> C9H8O4 + H2O

From the equation, we can see that one mole of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (C7H6O3) reacts with one mole of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) to produce one mole of 4-acetoxybenzoic acid (C9H8O4) and one mole of water (H2O).

The molar mass of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid is 138.1 g/mol.

To calculate the theoretical yield, you need to know the amount (in moles or grams) of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid used. Let's assume you used 10 grams.

1) Convert the mass of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid to moles:
moles = mass / molar mass
moles = 10 g / 138.1 g/mol
moles ≈ 0.072 moles

2) Since the reaction is 1:1 mole ratio between 4-hydroxybenzoic acid and 4-acetoxybenzoic acid, the theoretical yield of 4-acetoxybenzoic acid will also be 0.072 moles.

3) Convert the moles of 4-acetoxybenzoic acid to grams:
mass = moles x molar mass
mass = 0.072 moles x 180.2 g/mol
mass ≈ 13.25 grams

So, the theoretical yield of 4-acetoxybenzoic acid is approximately 13.25 grams.

To calculate the percentage yield, you need to know the actual yield of the product obtained from the reaction. Assuming the actual yield is 10 grams, you can use the following formula:

Percentage yield = (actual yield / theoretical yield) x 100
Percentage yield = (10 g / 13.25 g) x 100
Percentage yield ≈ 75.47%

Therefore, the percentage yield of 4-acetoxybenzoic acid is approximately 75.47%.