compare and contrast Rational (formal) model for strategy- emergent strategy

To compare and contrast the Rational (formal) model for strategy with the Emergent strategy, we need to understand the basics of each approach.

1. Rational (Formal) Model for Strategy:
The Rational model assumes that strategy is a deliberate and planned process. It follows a logical and structured approach, where decisions are made based on analysis, evaluation, and maximizing expected outcomes. Here are the key characteristics of this model:

- Goal-oriented: The Rational model focuses on setting clear objectives and formulating strategies to achieve those goals.
- Analytical approach: It heavily relies on data, information, and analysis to make decisions. It involves assessing internal and external factors, conducting market research, and using logic and reason.
- Top-down decision-making: Decisions in this model are made by top-level management or executives and are subsequently communicated and implemented across the organization.
- Linear process: The Rational model follows a sequential and systematic process, from identifying the problem or opportunity to setting objectives, evaluating alternative courses of action, and choosing the best strategy.
- Stability and control: The Rational model aims for stability and control by minimizing uncertainties and making decisions based on predictability and a logical framework.

2. Emergent Strategy:
The Emergent strategy is in contrast to the Rational model, as it believes that a strategy cannot be fully planned and predicted in advance. Instead, it emerges over time through a continuous learning and adaptation process. Here are the key characteristics of this approach:

- Reactive and adaptive: Emergent strategy acknowledges that the business environment is uncertain and dynamic. It emphasizes flexibility, learning, and adapting to changing circumstances.
- Bottom-up approach: Strategy development in this model involves input from individuals and teams throughout the organization. It recognizes that employees at all levels possess valuable insights and can contribute to strategic decision-making.
- Non-linear process: The Emergent strategy does not follow a sequential or predetermined process. It involves experimentation, trial and error, iteration, and learning from past experiences.
- Fluidity and complexity: It recognizes that the strategy is a complex system, influenced by various internal and external factors. It embraces the idea of multiple strategies coexisting within an organization and continuously evolving.
- Organic growth: Emergent strategy allows for new ideas, innovations, and opportunities to emerge organically from within the organization based on internal creativity and external feedback.

In summary, the Rational (formal) model approaches strategy as a planned and structured process based on analysis and logic, while the Emergent strategy considers strategy as an adaptive and flexible process that emerges over time through learning and experimentation.