What is the HCF / GCF of 120, 180 and 190 as per prime factorisation. Please explain in depth....

120 = 2^3 3 5

180 = 2^2 3^2 5
190 = 2 5 19

So, take the highest power of each prime common to all numbers:

2 5 = 10

No other (larger) combination of those prime factors will divide all three numbers.