pls calculate the mass and volume of oxygen released when 29,4g potassium chlorate decomposes to form potassium chloride and oxygen
To calculate the mass and volume of oxygen released during the decomposition of potassium chlorate (KClO3), we need to understand the chemical equation for the reaction:
2KClO3 → 2KCl + 3O2
From the equation, we can see that for every 2 moles of KClO3, 3 moles of O2 are produced. To calculate the mass and volume of O2, we need to follow these steps:
Step 1: Calculate the number of moles of KClO3.
To do this, use the formula:
Moles = Mass / Molar mass
The molar mass of potassium chlorate (KClO3) is:
K (39.1 g/mol) + Cl (35.5 g/mol) + 3O (16 g/mol) = 122.5 g/mol
Given mass of KClO3 = 29.4 g
Moles of KClO3 = 29.4 g / 122.5 g/mol
Step 2: Calculate the moles of O2 produced.
From the balanced chemical equation, we know that for every 2 moles of KClO3, 3 moles of O2 are produced.
Moles of O2 = Moles of KClO3 × (3 moles of O2 / 2 moles of KClO3)
Step 3: Calculate the mass of O2.
To do this, use the formula:
Mass = Moles × Molar mass
The molar mass of oxygen (O2) is 32 g/mol.
Mass of O2 = Moles of O2 × 32 g/mol
Step 4: Calculate the volume of O2.
To calculate the volume of O2, we need to use the ideal gas law equation:
PV = nRT
Where:
P = Pressure (usually given in atm)
V = Volume (in liters)
n = Number of moles
R = Ideal gas constant (0.0821 L·atm/(mol·K))
T = Temperature (usually given in Kelvin)
Assuming that the pressure (P) and temperature (T) are constant and provided, we can rearrange the equation to solve for volume (V):
V = (nRT) / P
In this case, we need to calculate the volume (V) of O2 produced.
Now, let's calculate the mass and volume of oxygen released:
Step 1:
Moles of KClO3 = 29.4 g / 122.5 g/mol ≈ 0.240 moles
Step 2:
Moles of O2 = 0.240 moles × (3 moles of O2 / 2 moles of KClO3) ≈ 0.360 moles
Step 3:
Mass of O2 = 0.360 moles × 32 g/mol ≈ 11.5 g
Step 4:
Calculate the volume using the ideal gas law equation. Assume the conditions are given (such as pressure and temperature):
V = (0.360 moles × 0.0821 L·atm/(mol·K) × T) / P
Note: You will need to provide the values of pressure (P) and temperature (T) in order to determine the volume (V) of O2 produced.
By following these steps, you can calculate the mass and volume of oxygen released when potassium chlorate decomposes.