Hi! I really really need help in this question:
what observation is expected when:
1. an acid (nitric acid, HNO3) is added to a solution containing carbonate or bicarbonate ions?
2. silver ion is added to a solution containing chloride (or bromide or iodide) ions?
Please help and explain i have no idea what this is. thank you very very much!
Both of these questions can be answered with a basic knowledge of chemistry.
1. Carbonate or bicarbonate ions fizz when an acid is added (HNO3, HCl, CH3COOH, etc) and fizzing is due to the release of carbon dioxide, CO2. The reaction with HCl is
Na2CO3 + 2HCl ==> H2O + CO2 + 2NaCl for the molecular equation. The net ionic equation is
CO3^2- + 2H^+ ==> H2O + CO2
2. You need to know the solubility rules to answer this question. The solubility rules tell you that AgCl, AgBr, and AgI are insoluble. The reaction is
Ag^+ + Cl^- ==> AgCl
Sure! I can help you with these questions.
1. When an acid (nitric acid, HNO3) is added to a solution containing carbonate or bicarbonate ions, you can expect to see an effervescence or bubbling. This bubbling is caused by the release of carbon dioxide (CO2) gas. The reaction between the acid and carbonate or bicarbonate ions produces water, carbon dioxide gas, and a salt as products. The general reaction can be represented as follows:
HNO3 + CO32- (or HCO3-) → H2O + CO2↑ + salt
The carbon dioxide gas that is released causes the solution to bubble or effervesce.
2. When silver ion (Ag+) is added to a solution containing chloride (or bromide or iodide) ions, a white precipitate of silver chloride (AgCl), silver bromide (AgBr), or silver iodide (AgI) is expected to form. This reaction is called a precipitation reaction. The silver cation reacts with the chloride, bromide, or iodide anions to form an insoluble salt. The general reaction can be represented as follows:
Ag+ + Cl- (or Br- or I-) → AgCl (or AgBr or AgI)
The formation of the white precipitate indicates the presence of chloride, bromide, or iodide ions in the solution.
To determine these observations, you need to know the chemical properties and reactions of the specific substances involved. By understanding the concept of acid-base reactions and precipitation reactions, you can predict and interpret the expected observations.