Sam’s I.Q. was 105 when he was tested at age nine. When he was thirteen, he was re-tested and his I.Q. was 120. Explain the increase in I.Q. using the concepts of trends/theories and socioeconomic factors.
I don't know what your text materials say, but many things can affect a test score. I scored 20 points lower one evening when I was tired after a long day of taking care of my two small children.
Outside of fatigue, what other environmental factors effect IQ?
Were both administrations standardized? What is the reliability of that IQ test?
Did the socioeconomic factors improve?
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environment_and_intelligence
Don't just copy the material. Express the ideas in your own words. Although this will take more time and effort, you will learn more.
The increase in Sam's IQ from 105 to 120 between the ages of nine and thirteen can be explained by several factors, including trends/theories and socioeconomic factors.
1. Developmental Trend/Theory:
One possible explanation for the increase in Sam's IQ is the developmental trend or theory. IQ is often considered to be influenced by both genetic factors and environmental factors, including cognitive stimulation and experiences. During the ages of nine to thirteen, children experience significant cognitive development, including improvements in reasoning abilities, memory, and problem-solving skills. This developmental trend can contribute to an increase in IQ scores during this period.
2. Cognitive Stimulation:
Cognitive stimulation refers to the level of intellectual engagement, educational opportunities, and access to resources that individuals are exposed to. It is possible that Sam's increase in IQ was influenced by increased cognitive stimulation between the ages of nine and thirteen. For example, he may have had access to better educational resources, had engaging learning experiences, or received additional intellectual challenges that stimulated his cognitive abilities. These factors can contribute to the development of higher-order thinking skills, leading to an increase in IQ.
3. Socioeconomic Factors:
Socioeconomic factors can also play a role in IQ scores. Children from higher socioeconomic backgrounds, typically characterized by better educational opportunities, access to resources, and supportive environments, have been found to exhibit higher IQ scores on average. It is possible that during Sam's developmental years, his socioeconomic circumstances improved, allowing him to access better educational opportunities or resources that positively influenced his cognitive abilities and contributed to his increase in IQ.
It is important to note that while trends/theories and socioeconomic factors can explain the increase in Sam's IQ between ages nine and thirteen, they are not the sole determinants. IQ scores can be influenced by various other factors, such as innate intelligence, motivation, and individual differences in cognitive and intellectual development. Additionally, it is crucial to consider that IQ is just one measure of intelligence and does not capture the entirety of an individual's intellectual capabilities.