Upon heating 134 g MgSO4 · 7 H2O:

(a) how many grams of water can be obtained?
(b) how many grams of anhydrous compound can be obtained?

a.

134 g MgSO4.7H2O x (7*molar mass H2O/molar mass MgSO4.7H2O)

b.
134 g MgSO4.7H2O x (molar mass MgSO4/molar mass MgSO4.7H2O) = ?

To find the answers to these questions, we need to understand the concept of hydrates. A hydrate is a compound that contains water molecules within its crystal structure. When heated, the water molecules can be driven off, leaving behind the anhydrous compound.

In this case, the compound is magnesium sulfate heptahydrate (MgSO4 · 7 H2O). "Heptahydrate" indicates that there are seven water molecules present for every molecule of magnesium sulfate.

Now let's calculate the answers to the questions:

(a) To find the mass of water that can be obtained, we need to calculate the mass of the water molecules present in the hydrate.

The molar mass of water (H2O) is approximately 18 g/mol. Since there are seven water molecules in the hydrate, the molar mass of water in the MgSO4 · 7 H2O compound is 7 * 18 g/mol.

To convert this to grams, we need to calculate the number of moles of water using the mass of the hydrate. The molar mass of MgSO4 · 7 H2O can be calculated by summing the atomic masses of the elements in the compound:

Mg (molar mass = 24.31 g/mol) + S (molar mass = 32.07 g/mol) + O (molar mass = 16.00 g/mol) + 7 * H2O (molar mass = 7 * 18 g/mol)

Once we have the molar mass of the hydrate, we can calculate the number of moles of the hydrate by dividing its mass by the molar mass.

Finally, multiply the number of moles of the hydrate by the molar mass of water to get the mass of water obtained.

(b) To find the mass of anhydrous compound, we need to calculate the mass of MgSO4 remaining after the water is removed.

First, we calculate the molar mass of MgSO4 by summing the atomic masses of its elements (Mg, S, and O). Then, we subtract the mass of water obtained from the initial mass of the hydrate to get the mass of the anhydrous compound.

Now that we understand the steps involved, let's calculate the answers to the questions:

(a) First, calculate the molar mass of water in the compound:
Molar mass = 7 * 18 g/mol = 126 g/mol

Next, calculate the molar mass of the hydrate:
Molar mass = Mg (24.31 g/mol) + S (32.07 g/mol) + O (16.00 g/mol) + 7 * H2O (7 * 18 g/mol)

Then, calculate the number of moles of the hydrate:
Moles = mass of hydrate / molar mass of hydrate

Finally, calculate the mass of water obtained:
Mass of water obtained = Moles of hydrate * Molar mass of water

(b) Calculate the molar mass of MgSO4:
Molar mass = Mg (24.31 g/mol) + S (32.07 g/mol) + O (16.00 g/mol)

Finally, calculate the mass of anhydrous compound:
Mass of anhydrous compound = Initial mass of hydrate - Mass of water obtained

By following these steps and plugging in the given value of 134 g for the initial mass of the hydrate, you should be able to calculate the mass of water and the mass of the anhydrous compound.

To calculate the grams of water and anhydrous compound that can be obtained upon heating magnesium sulfate heptahydrate (MgSO4 · 7H2O), we need to determine the molar mass and stoichiometry of the compound.

(a) Calculating the grams of water:
The molar mass of water (H2O) is:
1 mol H2O = 2 g/mol (2 hydrogen atoms + 16 oxygen atom)

In magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, there are 7 water molecules attached to each magnesium sulfate molecule. So, we need to calculate the molar mass of water in the compound and then convert it to grams.

Molar mass of water (H2O):
7 mol H2O = 7 * 2 g/mol = 14 g/mol

Now, we can calculate the grams of water that can be obtained:
Given mass of MgSO4 · 7H2O = 134 g

Using the ratio of the molar mass of water to the molar mass of the compound:
grams of water = (molar mass of water / molar mass of compound) * given mass of compound

grams of water = (14 g/mol / (120.37 g/mol)) * 134 g
grams of water ≈ 15.59 g

Therefore, approximately 15.59 grams of water can be obtained.

(b) Calculating the grams of anhydrous compound:
To calculate the grams of anhydrous compound, we need to subtract the grams of water obtained from the initial mass of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate.

grams of anhydrous compound = given mass of compound - grams of water
grams of anhydrous compound = 134 g - 15.59 g
grams of anhydrous compound ≈ 118.41 g

Therefore, approximately 118.41 grams of anhydrous compound can be obtained.