A proton (with a mass, mp = 1.673 x 10^-27 kg & electrical charge, e = 1.602 x 10^-19) and an electron (with a mass, me = 9.109 x 10^-31 kg & electric charge -e = -1.602 x 10^-19) are not moving & at a distance of 1.000 x 10^-10 m apart.... (assuming the electrical constant, ke = 8.988 x 10^-9 Nm^2C^-2 & gravitational constant, G = 6.672 x 10^-11 Nm^2kg^-2.
- With this info, I am required to calculate the numerical value for the magnitude of the ELECTRIC force between the proton & the electron (is this attractive or repulsive)...
- How do I calculate the GRAVITATIONAL force and state the attraction respectively?
You know it is attractive , opposite charges,
electric force = kqq/d^2
Gravitational force= G Mm/d^2
The values of k, and G are in your text.
what does the kqq/d^2 & Mm/d^2 represent with the figures at hand?
There are the equations for the coulomb force between two charges.
And the Gravitational force equation.
Both of these equations are in your text.
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To calculate the magnitude of the electric force between the proton and the electron, you can use the equation:
Electric force = (k * q1 * q2) / d^2
where k is the electrical constant (8.988 x 10^-9 Nm^2C^-2), q1 and q2 are the charges of the particles (1.602 x 10^-19 C for both the proton and the electron), and d is the distance between them (1.000 x 10^-10 m).
Plugging in the values, we get:
Electric force = (8.988 x 10^-9 Nm^2C^-2 * 1.602 x 10^-19 C * 1.602 x 10^-19 C) / (1.000 x 10^-10 m)^2
Simplifying the expression, we have:
Electric force = 2.307 x 10^-8 N
Therefore, the magnitude of the electric force between the proton and the electron is approximately 2.307 x 10^-8 N.
Since the charges of the proton and electron are opposite (positive and negative), the electric force between them is attractive.
Now, to calculate the gravitational force between the proton and the electron, you can use the equation:
Gravitational force = (G * M1 * M2) / d^2
where G is the gravitational constant (6.672 x 10^-11 Nm^2kg^-2), M1 and M2 are the masses of the particles (1.673 x 10^-27 kg for the proton and 9.109 x 10^-31 kg for the electron), and d is the distance between them (1.000 x 10^-10 m).
Plugging in the values, we get:
Gravitational force = (6.672 x 10^-11 Nm^2kg^-2 * 1.673 x 10^-27 kg * 9.109 x 10^-31 kg) / (1.000 x 10^-10 m)^2
Simplifying the expression, we have:
Gravitational force = 3.119 x 10^-47 N
Therefore, the magnitude of the gravitational force between the proton and the electron is approximately 3.119 x 10^-47 N.
Since the masses of the proton and electron are positive, the gravitational force between them is also attractive.