the common isotopes of chlorine weigh 35&37 units A.How many different mass molecules are there for dichlormethane,ch2 cl2?
B. Draw and label each molecule
C. explain why the ram of chlorine is about 35.5& not a whole number.
D. lighter molecules diffuse more quickly. which molecule dichloromethane will diffuse quickest and why ?
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A. To determine the number of different mass molecules in dichloromethane (CH2Cl2), we need to consider the possible combinations of isotopes of chlorine.
The atomic weight of chlorine has two common isotopes: chlorine-35 and chlorine-37, with natural abundances of approximately 75.5% and 24.5% respectively.
In dichloromethane (CH2Cl2), there are two chlorine atoms present. Each chlorine atom can exist as either chlorine-35 or chlorine-37 isotope. Therefore, we can have four possible combinations of isotopes for the two chlorine atoms:
1. Both atoms are chlorine-35 (35 + 35 = 70 atomic mass units)
2. Both atoms are chlorine-37 (37 + 37 = 74 atomic mass units)
3. One atom is chlorine-35 and one atom is chlorine-37 (35 + 37 = 72 atomic mass units)
4. One atom is chlorine-37 and one atom is chlorine-35 (37 + 35 = 72 atomic mass units)
Thus, there are four different mass molecules of dichloromethane (CH2Cl2) based on the various combinations of isotopes for the two chlorine atoms.
B. To draw and label each molecule of dichloromethane (CH2Cl2), we represent it as follows:
H
|
H-C-H
|
Cl
C. The relative atomic mass (RAM) of chlorine is approximately 35.5 and not a whole number due to the existence of two isotopes (chlorine-35 and chlorine-37) with different atomic masses and different abundances. The majority of the chlorine atoms in nature are chlorine-35, which has an atomic mass of 35 amu. However, around 25% of chlorine atoms are the heavier chlorine-37 isotope, with an atomic mass of 37 amu. When calculating the average atomic mass of chlorine in a sample (taking into consideration the different abundances of the two isotopes), we get approximately 35.5 amu.
D. The rate of diffusion depends on the molecular mass and other factors. Lighter molecules tend to diffuse more quickly than heavier molecules because they have higher average velocities due to their lower mass.
In dichloromethane (CH2Cl2), there are two possible combinations of isotopes for chlorine: CH2(^35Cl)2 and CH2(^37Cl)2. Both combinations have the same molecular mass (72 amu). Therefore, both molecules have the same mass and will diffuse at similar rates.